Collaborative Research: Understanding the Design Principles of Modular Nanopores for Highly Efficient Chemical Sensing

合作研究：了解模块化纳米孔的设计原理以实现高效化学传感

• 批准号: 1709625
• 负责人: Amar Flood
• 金额: $ 23.4万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1709625&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Design; Principles

This project is funded by the Chemical Measurement and Imaging Program of the Chemistry Division. Professor Takashi Ito of Kansas State University, and Professor Amar Flood, and Dr. Yi Yi, both from Indiana University - Bloomington seek to design cylindrical nanoscale pores (pores 10-40 nanometers in diameter and 30-100 nanometers in length; there are 25,400,000 nanometers in one inch) for efficient chemical separations and detection. Chloride ion is used as the model target. This work examines how chloride can be chemically recognized by the nanopore geometry and physical environment. It is hypothesized that selectivity, specificity, and strength of chemical recognition can be enhanced by adjusting the environment and charge inside the nanopores. The control of the nanopore physical interior for chemical recognition can be a versatile, basic principle for designing highly efficient separations for various species, including those of environmental interest such as chemicals in fertilizers. A direct societal impact of improved anion sensing is improvement in water purification and analysis. Microscale anion sensors for measurements within the body are also being pursued. These research achievements are integrated with educational activities by developing a new hands-on polymer lab course that includes both polymer synthesis and characterization. Systematic investigations explore polymer-based cylindrical nanopores (10-40 nm in pore diameter; 30-100 nm in pore length) to assess the effects of nanopore physical environment on chemical recognition and redox-involved charge transport. Nanopores decorated with surface alkyne groups are covalently modified with various azide-tagged anion receptors and redox moieties. The fundamental understanding of the nanopore design principles present an approach to rationally fabricate monolithic nanoporous membranes and films for efficient chemical separations and detection. The research focuses on the fabrication and characterization of alkyne-decorated nanoporous scaffolds with controlled pore orientation and dimensions. This is followed by understanding of the effects of nanopore's physical environment on anion recognition and charge transport. The third area of research is the redox-controlled anion sensing. The anion recognition and electrochemical properties of modular nanopores are assessed using spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The investigators have complementary expertise for this interdisciplinary project: electrochemistry and spectroscopy on nanostructured films (Ito), design, synthesis and characterization of anion receptors with "click" reactions (Flood), and block copolymer synthesis (Yi). Results obtained in this project provide fundamental knowledge required to design better chemical sensing media of inorganic ions which are of special importance in water quality control and biosciences.

该项目由化学部化学测量和成像计划资助。堪萨斯州立大学的伊藤隆志教授、印第安纳大学布鲁明顿分校的阿马尔·弗洛德教授和易博士试图设计出圆柱形纳米尺度的气孔(气孔直径10-40纳米，长度30-100纳米；一英寸有25,400,000纳米)，以实现有效的化学分离和检测。以氯离子为模型靶标。这项工作研究了氯是如何被纳米孔几何形状和物理环境化学识别的。据推测，通过调节环境和纳米孔内的电荷可以提高化学识别的选择性、特异性和强度。对纳米孔物理内部进行化学识别的控制可以是为各种物种设计高效分离的一种通用的基本原则，包括那些与环境有关的物种，如化肥中的化学品。改进的阴离子传感的直接社会影响是改进了水的净化和分析。用于人体内测量的微型阴离子传感器也在被追寻。这些研究成果与教育活动相结合，开发了一门新的动手操作聚合物实验课程，包括聚合物合成和表征。系统的研究探索了基于聚合物的圆柱形纳米孔(孔径为10-40 nm；孔径为30-100 nm)，以评估纳米孔物理环境对化学识别和氧化还原相关电荷传输的影响。修饰了表面炔基的纳米孔被各种叠氮标记的阴离子受体和氧化还原部分共价修饰。对纳米孔设计原理的基本理解提供了一种合理地制备整体式纳米多孔膜和薄膜以实现有效的化学分离和检测的方法。本论文主要研究了具有可控孔取向和尺寸的炔基修饰纳米多孔支架的制备和表征。其次是了解纳米孔的物理环境对阴离子识别和电荷传输的影响。第三个研究领域是氧化还原控制的阴离子传感。利用光谱和电化学技术对模块纳米孔的阴离子识别和电化学性质进行了研究。研究人员在这一跨学科项目方面拥有互补的专业知识：纳米结构薄膜的电化学和光谱学(ITO)，具有“点击”反应的阴离子受体的设计、合成和表征(Flood)，以及嵌段共聚物合成(YI)。本项目的成果为设计更好的无机离子化学传感介质提供了所需的基础知识，无机离子在水质控制和生物科学中具有特别重要的作用。