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Methods for Data Analysis and Systematic Corrections in the Fermilab E989 Muon g-2 Experiment

Fermilab E989 Muon g-2 实验中的数据分析和系统校正方法

基本信息

批准号：
1714014
负责人：
Bradley Plaster
金额：
$ 18.49万
依托单位：
University of Kentucky Research Foundation
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-11-15 至 2023-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1714014&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Methods Data Analysis Systematic Corrections

项目摘要

This award supports data taking and analysis as well as calculations that will enable the precise measurement of the muon's magnetic properties and thereby test the Standard Model of Particles and Interactions. Muons are subatomic particles that are like electrons but are about 200 times more massive. Past measurements of the muon's magnetic moment, a fundamental property that quantifies how it interacts with magnetic fields, disagree with predictions of the Standard Model. The experiment will take place at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) and use muons moving at nearly the speed of light and confined in a circular storage ring using magnetic fields and electric fields. Extracting the muon's magnetic moment from the data will require corrections to account for variations in the magnetic fields through which the muons pass. Methods for these corrections will be developed under this award. In addition to the training of a graduate student in forefront experimental and data analysis techniques, this project will also connect students from local public high schools interested in the physical sciences with fundamental physics research, via the mentoring of junior- and senior-level students in capstone research projects. A high-precision comparison of measurements and theoretical calculations of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment constitutes a test of the completeness of the Standard Model. In the Brookhaven E821 experiment, which completed data taking in 2001, the muon's anomalous magnetic moment was measured to a precision of 0.54 parts-per-million (ppm). The result from that experiment lies some tantalizing ~3.5 standard deviations from the Standard Model theoretical value. In the Fermilab E989 experiment, which began data taking in 2017, the precision on the anomalous magnetic moment will be improved by nearly a factor of four to the level of 0.14 ppm, thus presenting the possibility for a definitive claim of evidence for new physics, provided the experimental and theoretical central values do not change significantly. In the experiment, relativistic "magic momentum" muons will be stored and subsequently undergo cyclotron orbits within a 1.45 Tesla superconducting magnetic storage ring, with electric fields employed for confinement. This award supports work on systematic corrections to the muon's cyclotron and spin precession frequencies, the difference of which is proportional to the anomalous magnetic moment, resulting from muon transport through the small non-uniformities in the magnetic fields inevitably present over the volume of the storage ring and the magnetic fields resulting from the muons' relativistic motion through the electric fields. Methods for modeling and simulating these systematic effects will be developed by the PI and a graduate student under this award.

该奖项支持数据采集和分析以及计算，这将使μ子的磁特性的精确测量，从而测试粒子和相互作用的标准模型。 μ子是一种亚原子粒子，类似于电子，但质量大约是电子的200倍。过去对μ子磁矩的测量，一个量化它如何与磁场相互作用的基本性质，与标准模型的预测不一致。该实验将在费米国家加速器实验室（Fermilab）进行，并使用μ子以接近光速的速度移动，并使用磁场和电场限制在圆形存储环中。从数据中提取μ子的磁矩需要进行修正，以解释μ子通过的磁场的变化。将在本合同项下制定纠正这些错误的方法。除了对前沿实验和数据分析技术的研究生进行培训外，该项目还将通过指导初级和高级学生的顶点研究项目，将对物理科学感兴趣的当地公立高中学生与基础物理研究联系起来。对μ子反常磁矩的测量和理论计算进行高精度的比较，是对标准模型完整性的检验。布鲁克海文E821实验于2001年完成数据采集，测量μ子的异常磁矩的精度为百万分之0.54（ppm）。该实验的结果与标准模型的理论值相差约3.5个标准偏差。在2017年开始数据采集的费米实验室E989实验中，异常磁矩的精度将提高近四倍，达到0.14 ppm的水平，从而提供了确定新物理学证据的可能性，前提是实验和理论中心值没有显着变化。在实验中，相对论性的“魔动量”μ子将被存储，随后在1.45特斯拉的超导磁存储环内进行回旋加速器轨道，并采用电场进行限制。该奖项支持对μ子回旋和自旋进动频率的系统校正工作，其差异与异常磁矩成比例，这是由于μ子通过存储环体积上不可避免地存在的磁场中的小不均匀性以及μ子通过电场的相对论运动产生的磁场中的μ子传输造成的。建模和模拟这些系统效应的方法将由PI和该奖项下的研究生开发。