CHS: Small: Understanding Human Performance Consequences of Using Headworn Displays for Large Assemblies

建筑业对头戴式显示器(HWDS)越来越感兴趣，这种显示器可以为建筑工人提供增强现实(AR)信息，如蓝图或覆盖的注释和说明。然而，这些HWD可能没有提高安全性和效率的预期效果：相反，它们可能会干扰手头的工作，降低工人的情景意识。这个项目是为了更好地了解AR HWDS的设计和效果，用于常见的施工任务，如框架和护套。该团队将与行业合作伙伴合作，了解员工面临的需求和风险，以开发特定于任务的AR界面以及衡量安全、效率、意识和满意度的方法。然后，他们将在一系列受控实验中评估和改进界面和测量，这些实验在PI所在机构的大型运动捕捉实验室中对界面进行评估。其目标是为建筑及以后的AR HWDS提供一套普遍有用的任务、接口、措施和指导方针。该团队还将与建筑妇女组织合作，为使用该技术进行推广和教育的初中生和高中生开发AR体验。该团队将首先与利益相关者小组合作，通过访谈和审查利益相关者质量控制文档来制定有意义的效率度量标准。根据前期工作，以及团队对动作捕捉设备的访问，这些可能会超出所需时间和所犯错误，包括工具和材料选择、定位和使用以及损坏等因素。他们还将根据现有的指导方针和规模，制定态势感知、工作量和可用性的具体衡量标准，进行试点用户研究，以完善这些指标，并确保它们可以在模拟环境中实施。界面和实验试验台将使用运动捕捉实验室设施和商用AR HWD设备来开发：开发不同保真度和不同尺度的共形和非共形AR界面；通过包括真实和模拟的物体和噪音来模拟真实建筑工地的危险和分心；以及开发跟踪行为和物体使用的方法。这些将通过使用平衡拉丁方设计的一系列对照实验进行评估，改变信息的呈现方式(包括使用纸质蓝图的对照版本)和共形元素相对于任务区的比例。该团队将计算在早期阶段制定的指标，并进行访谈，以获得参与者的主观满意度、参与度、可用性感知和改进想法。对于该项目的教育和外展部分，他们还将制定一项规模较小的AR HWD练习，以支持学校常用的意大利面桥梁建设任务。

The field of construction is increasingly interested in head worn displays (HWDs) that might provide construction workers with augmented reality (AR) information such as blueprints or overlaid annotations and instructions. However, these HWDs might not have the desired effects of improved safety and efficiency: they could instead interfere physically or mentally with the job at hand, reducing workers' situational awareness. This project is about better understanding the design and effects of AR HWDs for common construction tasks such as framing and sheathing. The team will work with industry partners to understand the needs and risks workers face in order to develop task-specific AR interfaces as well as ways to measure safety, efficiency, awareness, and satisfaction. They will then evaluate and refine both the interfaces and measures in a series of controlled experiments that evaluate the interfaces in a large motion-capture lab at the PIs' home institution. The goal is to provide a generally useful suite of tasks, interfaces, measures, and guidelines for AR HWDs in construction and beyond. The team will also partner with the Building Women in Construction organization to develop AR experiences for middle and high school students that use the technology for outreach and education. The team will start by working with a stakeholder group to develop meaningful metrics of efficiency using interviews and review of stakeholder quality control documents. Based on preliminary work, and the team's access to motion capture equipment, these are likely to go beyond time taken and errors made and include factors such as tool and material choice, positioning and use, and damage. They will also develop specific measures of situational awareness, workload, and usability based on existing guidelines and scales, conducting pilot user studies to refine them and ensure that they can be administered in the simulated environment. The interfaces and experimental testbed will be developed using the motion capture lab facilities and commodity AR HWD devices: developing both conformal and non-conformal AR interfaces at different levels of fidelity and at different scales; simulating the hazards and distractions of a real construction site through including real and simulated objects and noises; and developing methods to track both behavior and object use. These will be evaluated in a series of controlled experiments using a balanced Latin Squares design, varying the presentation of information (including a control version using paper blueprints) and the scale of the conformal elements relative to the task area. The team will compute metrics developed in earlier stages and conduct interviews to get at participants' subjective satisfaction, engagement, perceptions of usability, and ideas for improvements. For the education and outreach portions of the project, they will also develop a smaller-scale AR HWD exercise to support a spaghetti bridge construction task commonly used in schools.