MRI: Development of Multi-field Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy

MRI：多场共振超声光谱的发展

• 批准号: 1726887
• 负责人: Miladin Radovic
• 金额: $ 53.44万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1726887&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Multi; field; Resonant

Elastic constants are fundamental properties of any solid material and knowing their changes with temperature and/or under applied magnetic or electric field is essential for understanding different physical processes that take place in different materials. However, measurement of elastic constants using conventional techniques is not always a trivial task. It usually requires large number of samples and/or numerous time-consuming tests, especially if the measurements are performed at low and high temperatures and/or under various external stimuli such as electric and magnetic fields. Multi-field Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (MF-RUS) apparatus under development in this project will allow rapid experimental determination of the full set of elastic constants of any solid from the single test using only one sample as small as 1 mm3 in the wide temperature range, with or without applied electric or magnetic fields. The broad capabilities of the MF-RUS will enable comprehensive characterization of different solids, and enhance research in many fields, including materials science and engineering, physics, and chemistry. By allowing rapid and easy evaluation of elastic properties of different materials, utilization of MF-RUS will further foster development of new materials for widely varying applications including energy harvesting, storage and conversion, defense, and transportation systems. Once developed, this unique instrument will be available to researchers from other academic institutions, industry and laboratories through a well-established Materials Characterization Facility's users program at Texas A&M University. Eighteen research projects at Texas A&M University and other academic institutions, including two minority serving institutions, currently supported by NSF and other federal agencies will benefit immediately from the development of MF-RUS.Elastic constants, as the second derivatives of the free energy with respect to strain, not only relate stress and strain tensors, but also provide fundamental information about the character of atomic bonding in solids, and thus they are considered to be one of the most fundamental materials properties. While the elastic constants represent primarily equilibrium thermodynamic properties, the attenuation is direct manifestation of irreversible processes related to energy absorption by various physical processes in the material. Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS) is a simple, inexpensive and elegant experimental technique that can be used to determine simultaneously Young's and shear moduli of isotropic solids, or a full set of elastic constants (Cij) of single crystals, as well as ultrasonic attenuation, using single crystal or polycrystalline sample as small as 1 mm3. Currently, commercially available RUS instruments are limited to room temperature measurements while some existing custom-made RUS systems allow measurements up to 1320ºC in controlled environments, in magnetic fields up to 7T from cryogenic temperatures to 327ºC, or under an electric field but only at room temperature. A Multi-Field Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (MF-RUS) system under development in this project will be unique since it will allow simultaneous measurements of elastic constants and ultrasonic attenuation of solid materials from liquid helium temperature up to 1900ºC, with or without electric fields of up to 1000 V/mm or magnetic fields of up to 7T, and in various atmospheres (air, high vacuum, inert gases, etc.) This RUS system will be modular and will be developed in stages over the 3-year project period with partial functionality as each module is added. This instrument will provide a powerful new tool to observe and quantify changes in elastic coefficients and ultrasonic attenuation as a result of various physical processes in the solid, such as first- and second-order phase transformations or different inelastic relaxation mechanisms due to different processes such as thermoelastic relaxation and motion of point defects (e.g. interstitial and vacancy hopping), linear defects (e.g. dislocations) or planar defects (e.g. domain walls or martensitic transformation phase interfaces, etc.).

弹性常数是任何固体材料的基本性质，了解其随温度和/或外加磁场或电场的变化对于理解不同材料中发生的不同物理过程至关重要。然而，使用传统技术测量弹性常数并不总是一项微不足道的任务。它通常需要大量的样品和/或大量耗时的测试，特别是在低温和高温和/或在各种外部刺激（如电场和磁场）下进行测量时。该项目正在开发的多场共振超声光谱（MF-RUS）设备将允许在宽温度范围内使用一个小至1 mm3的样品进行单次测试，快速测定任何固体的全套弹性常数，无论是否施加电场或磁场。MF-RUS的广泛功能将使不同固体的综合表征成为可能，并加强许多领域的研究，包括材料科学与工程、物理和化学。通过允许快速和轻松地评估不同材料的弹性特性，MF-RUS的利用将进一步促进新材料的开发，用于广泛的应用，包括能量收集、存储和转换、国防和运输系统。一旦开发成功，这种独特的仪器将通过德克萨斯农工大学的材料表征设施用户计划提供给其他学术机构、工业和实验室的研究人员。德克萨斯农工大学和其他学术机构的18个研究项目，包括两个少数民族服务机构，目前由NSF和其他联邦机构支持，将立即受益于MF-RUS的发展。弹性常数作为自由能相对于应变的二阶导数，不仅联系了应力和应变张量，而且提供了固体中原子键合特性的基本信息，因此被认为是最基本的材料性质之一。虽然弹性常数主要代表平衡热力学性质，但衰减是与材料中各种物理过程吸收能量有关的不可逆过程的直接表现。共振超声光谱（RUS）是一种简单、廉价和优雅的实验技术，可用于同时确定各向同性固体的杨氏模量和剪切模量，或单晶的全套弹性常数（Cij），以及超声波衰减，使用小至1mm3的单晶或多晶样品。目前，商业上可用的RUS仪器仅限于室温测量，而一些现有的定制RUS系统允许在受控环境中测量高达1320ºC，在从低温到327ºC的高达7T的磁场中测量，或者在电场下测量，但只能在室温下测量。该项目正在开发的多场共振超声光谱（MF-RUS）系统将是独一无二的，因为它将允许同时测量固体材料的弹性常数和超声波衰减，从液氦温度高达1900ºC，有或没有高达1000 V/mm的电场或高达7T的磁场，以及各种气氛（空气，高真空，惰性气体，高真空，高真空和高真空）。这个RUS系统将是模块化的，并将在3年的项目期间分阶段开发，随着每个模块的添加，将具有部分功能。该仪器将提供一个强大的新工具来观察和量化由于固体中各种物理过程（如一阶和二阶相变）或不同非弹性弛豫机制(如热弹性弛豫和点缺陷运动（如间隙和空位跳变）引起的弹性系数和超声衰减的变化。线性缺陷（如位错）或平面缺陷（如畴壁或马氏体相变相界面等）。

项目成果

Fabrication and characterization of aluminum - magnetic shape memory alloy composites

铝磁形状记忆合金复合材料的制备及表征

• DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2020.140549
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Materials Science and Engineering: A
• 作者: Barta, N.E.;Fincher, C.;Bolon, A.M.;Attari, V.;Higgins, W.;Arroyave, R.;Radovic, M.;Pharr, G.M.;Karaman, I.
• 通讯作者: Karaman, I.

Performance of Al-Al2O3 Composites under Coupled Mechanical and Thermal Stimuli

Al-Al2O3 复合材料在机械和热耦合刺激下的性能

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: International research journal of engineering and technology
• 作者: Pradeep Gudlur, Miladin Radovic

High-temperature dependency of elastic mechanical behavior of two wrought magnesium alloys AZ31B and ZK60A studied by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2019.04.115
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Materials Science and Engineering: A
• 作者: E. Garlea;M. Radovic;P. Liaw