Doctoral Dissertation Research: Iron, infection, and malnutrition

博士论文研究：铁、感染和营养不良

• 批准号: 1731128
• 负责人: Amanda Thompson
• 金额: $ 2.51万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1731128&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Iron; infection

This dissertation project is a biocultural investigation of iron deficiency and its connection to negative physiological outcomes in children living in multi-generational households where individuals experience both under- and overnutrition. Investigators will examine biological and ecological factors that influence child iron status, providing practical knowledge on determinants of iron deficiency and addressing the theory that low iron may be partially protective against infection. The research objectives and methods of this project will advance knowledge about human life history, and contribute to the discussion about why policies that aim to reduce iron deficiency and anemia are not always successful. This project will contribute to the education of a graduate student as well as provide training opportunities in anthropological and health sciences to a female community health worker. Investigators will distribute the results of this project through community workshops, meetings with local and national health agencies, and a series of peer-reviewed publications and presentations at anthropological, public health, and medical conferences. While low levels of iron are associated with negative health outcomes, iron withholding is an important component in immune defense against infectious disease. The Optimal Iron Hypothesis (OIH) states that an individual's optimal iron status is contingent on their particular disease ecology. This project will test a new application of OIH in an area that suffers from the dual burden of over- and undernutrition. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, researchers will investigate the relationship between iron, infection, and malnutrition as well as examine household-level and biological predictors of current iron status. Investigators will employ interviews and observations to establish participant health histories, diet quality, and disease exposure in households. Researchers will also measure height and weight to establish nutrition status as well as gather data on iron status and infection through the collection and analysis of blood samples.

该论文项目是对铁缺乏症的生物文化研究及其与生活在个人经历不足和营养不良的多代家庭中的儿童的负面生理结果的联系。研究人员将研究影响儿童铁地位的生物学和生态因素，为铁缺乏症的决定因素提供实践知识，并解决低铁可能对感染有部分保护作用的理论。该项目的研究目标和方法将提高有关人类生活史的知识，并有助于讨论为什么旨在减少铁缺乏症和贫血的政策并不总是成功的。该项目将有助于研究生的教育，并为女性社区卫生工作者提供人类学和健康科学的培训机会。调查人员将通过社区研讨会，与地方和国家卫生机构的会议以及在人类学，公共卫生和医疗会议上进行一系列经过同行评审的出版物和演讲来分发该项目的结果。尽管铁的水平较低与健康结果负相关，但铁预扣是免疫防御感染疾病的重要组成部分。最佳铁假设（OIH）指出，个人的最佳铁状态取决于其特定的疾病生态。 该项目将测试OIH的新应用，该领域承受过度和营养不良的双重负担。使用定性和定量方法，研究人员将研究铁，感染和营养不良之间的关系，并检查当前铁状态的家庭水平和生物学预测指标。调查人员将采用访谈和观察结果来建立参与者的健康历史，饮食质量和家庭疾病的暴露。研究人员还将通过收集和分析血液样本来衡量身高和体重来建立营养状况以及收集有关铁状态和感染的数据。