Doctoral Dissertation Research: Intergenerational Effects of Maternal Stress

博士论文研究：母亲压力的代际影响

• 批准号: 1730297
• 负责人: Amanda Thompson
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1730297&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Intergenerational; Effects

Research on the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) has shown that the prenatal environment can be associated with long-term risks for chronic and metabolic disorders, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes. This biocultural doctoral dissertation project investigates how maternal stress during the perinatal period shapes the development of the central stress response system in infants, in a population undergoing rapid social and economic change. This work will contribute to our understanding of the factors shaping fetal development from an evolutionary life history perspective, and offer insights into the social and biological underpinnings of the rising rates of metabolic diseases around the world. The research findings may inform policy on maternal care during pregnancy. The project will also support graduate student training and international collaborations and research capacity. The fetal origins framework has shown that maternal psychosocial stress can modify fetal development, programming a fetus's HPA axis with permanent consequences on a variety of systems, leading to increased risk of metabolic disease. While previous research has examined isolated mechanisms linking maternal stress to infant HPA axis dysregulation, largely in wealthy, biomedical settings, the proposed research investigates how multiple pathways work in tandem from the second trimester through early infancy to shape HPA axis development in a middle-income, ecological setting. Through twelve months of mixed methods data collection, including semi-structured interviews, stress scales, and biomarker testing, this project seeks to contribute to anthropology not only as an important case study on maternal stress in a nation undergoing dramatic change, but also as an investigation that will add a critical component to the understanding of DOHaD as a larger phenomenon shaping health. Specifically, the researchers will investigate: the role of prenatal maternal stress, the role of placental 11ß-HSD2 expression, and the role of postnatal maternal stress in the development of the infant HPA axis. The proposed work emphasizes the continuum of early development from the prenatal into the postnatal period. In addition to investigating maternal stress at multiple time points during pregnancy, the work adds the examination of placental 11ß-HSD2 expression and of stress in the postnatal period as integrated pathways through which the HPA axis can be modified in offspring.

关于健康与疾病的发育起源（DOHAD）的研究表明，产前环境可能与慢性和代谢疾病的长期风险有关，包括肥胖，心血管疾病，高血压和糖尿病。这个生物文化博士学位论文项目调查了围产期期间的重大压力如何塑造婴儿中心压力反应系统的发展，即经历着快速的社会和经济变化的人群。这项工作将有助于我们理解从进化的生活史的角度来理解塑造胎儿发育的因素，并为世界各地代谢性疾病率上升的社会和生物学基础提供见解。研究结果可能会为怀孕期间有关孕产妇护理的政策提供信息。该项目还将支持研究生培训，国际合作和研究能力。胎儿起源框架表明，孕产妇的社会心理压力可以改变胎儿发育，对胎儿的HPA轴进行编程，并对多种系统产生永久后果，从而增加了代谢疾病的风险。虽然先前的研究已经检查了将母子压力与婴儿HPA轴功能失调联系起来的孤立机制，该机制在很大程度上是在富裕的生物医学环境中，但拟议的研究调查了多个途径如何从孕育到早期到早期到早期到早期到塑造HPA轴的生态环境中的HPA轴发育。在十二个月的混合方法数据收集中，包括半结构化访谈，压力量表和生物标志物测试，该项目不仅为人类学做出贡献，不仅是对国家经历急剧变化的重要案例研究，而且还将作为一种重要的投资，以使对Dohad成为更大现象的健康状况的重要组成部分。具体而言，研究人员将调查：产前母体应激的作用，placenal11ß-HSD2表达的作用以及产后胁迫在婴儿HPA轴发育中的作用。拟议中的工作强调了从产前到产后时期的早期发展的持续发展。除了在怀孕期间在多个时间点研究MATER应激外，该工作还增加了lopenal11ß-HSD2表达和在产后期间的应力检查，作为综合途径，可以通过该途径在后代中修改HPA轴。