Doctoral Dissertation Research: Intergenerational Effects of Maternal Stress

博士论文研究：母亲压力的代际影响

• 批准号: 1730297
• 负责人: Amanda Thompson
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1730297&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Intergenerational; Effects

Research on the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) has shown that the prenatal environment can be associated with long-term risks for chronic and metabolic disorders, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes. This biocultural doctoral dissertation project investigates how maternal stress during the perinatal period shapes the development of the central stress response system in infants, in a population undergoing rapid social and economic change. This work will contribute to our understanding of the factors shaping fetal development from an evolutionary life history perspective, and offer insights into the social and biological underpinnings of the rising rates of metabolic diseases around the world. The research findings may inform policy on maternal care during pregnancy. The project will also support graduate student training and international collaborations and research capacity. The fetal origins framework has shown that maternal psychosocial stress can modify fetal development, programming a fetus's HPA axis with permanent consequences on a variety of systems, leading to increased risk of metabolic disease. While previous research has examined isolated mechanisms linking maternal stress to infant HPA axis dysregulation, largely in wealthy, biomedical settings, the proposed research investigates how multiple pathways work in tandem from the second trimester through early infancy to shape HPA axis development in a middle-income, ecological setting. Through twelve months of mixed methods data collection, including semi-structured interviews, stress scales, and biomarker testing, this project seeks to contribute to anthropology not only as an important case study on maternal stress in a nation undergoing dramatic change, but also as an investigation that will add a critical component to the understanding of DOHaD as a larger phenomenon shaping health. Specifically, the researchers will investigate: the role of prenatal maternal stress, the role of placental 11ß-HSD2 expression, and the role of postnatal maternal stress in the development of the infant HPA axis. The proposed work emphasizes the continuum of early development from the prenatal into the postnatal period. In addition to investigating maternal stress at multiple time points during pregnancy, the work adds the examination of placental 11ß-HSD2 expression and of stress in the postnatal period as integrated pathways through which the HPA axis can be modified in offspring.

关于健康和疾病的发育起源的研究（DOHaD）表明，产前环境可能与慢性和代谢性疾病的长期风险有关，包括肥胖症，心血管疾病，高血压和糖尿病。这个生物文化博士论文项目调查了围产期的母亲压力如何塑造婴儿中央应激反应系统的发展，在人口经历快速的社会和经济变化。这项工作将有助于我们从进化生命史的角度理解影响胎儿发育的因素，并为世界各地代谢性疾病发病率上升的社会和生物学基础提供见解。 研究结果可以为孕期孕产妇护理政策提供信息。该项目还将支持研究生培训和国际合作以及研究能力。胎儿起源框架已经表明，母亲的心理社会压力可以改变胎儿的发育，编程胎儿的HPA轴，对各种系统产生永久性影响，导致代谢疾病的风险增加。虽然以前的研究已经研究了将母亲压力与婴儿HPA轴失调联系起来的孤立机制，主要是在富裕的生物医学环境中，但拟议的研究调查了从孕中期到婴儿早期的多个途径如何协同工作，以塑造HPA轴在中等收入的生态环境中的发展。通过12个月的混合方法数据收集，包括半结构化访谈，压力量表和生物标志物测试，该项目旨在为人类学做出贡献，不仅作为一个正在发生巨大变化的国家的孕产妇压力的重要案例研究，而且作为一项调查，将增加对DOHaD作为塑造健康的更大现象的理解的关键组成部分。 具体来说，研究人员将调查：产前母体压力的作用，胎盘11 β-HSD 2表达的作用，以及产后母体压力在婴儿HPA轴发育中的作用。拟议的工作强调从产前到产后的早期发展的连续性。除了在怀孕期间的多个时间点调查母体压力外，这项工作还增加了胎盘11 β-HSD 2表达和出生后压力的检查，作为HPA轴可以在后代中修改的综合途径。