RR Standard: Reproducibility and the Scientific Crisis

该项目将通过研究监督机构、期刊盗版和开放获取回应来跟踪科学中可重复性的争议。对于每个领域，该项目将评估不同的参与者如何理解和应对这些科学危机，从而创造出强大而可靠的科学。它将研究他们的行动和改革是如何改变科学组织和实践的。更广泛的目标是为寻求促进可靠和健全的科学的决策者、改革者、活动家、出版商和记者提供工具和知识。这项研究将有助于确定建议，以减轻改革战略内部和之间的一些隐藏问题和冲突。它将为理解研究和公共交叉点提供见解。这些发现将引起科学家、科学传播者、教育工作者、公众、研究组织、科学出版商和决策者的兴趣。本研究将探讨在生物医学和行为研究的生产、管理和传播中对科学施加压力的因素的构建。它将使用访谈、文件分析和参与者观察来比较在知识生产（可复制性）、监督（出版后同行评审）和研究传播（公开出版和盗版）等领域对压力和改革努力的反应。本项目将运用STS理论探讨社会秩序与知识生产之间的关系，探讨科学组织的变化、科学实践与非科学环境之间的关系，以及主流科学模型的不足之处。因此，在每个领域，该项目的首要目标是了解压力的感知如何与科学的制度和实践变化相关联。其次，将这些变化与STS关于科学秩序和变化的理论进行比较，以说明改革在恢复秩序和改变行为者观念方面的有效性。

This project will follow controversies of reproducibility in science by looking at research oversight institutions, journal piracy and open access responses. For each domain the project will assess how different actors understand and act upon these crises in science to create robust and reliable science. It will study how their actions and reforms are transforming scientific organization and practices. The broader aim is to offer tools and knowledge for policy makers, reformers, activists, publishers, and journalists seeking to promote reliable and robust science. The study will help identify suggestions for alleviating some of the hidden issues and conflicts within and among reform strategies. It will provide insights for understanding research and public intersections. The findings will be of interest to scientists, science communicators, educators, public, research organizations, scientific publishers and policymakers. This study will explore the construction of factors that place pressure on science in the production, management, and dissemination of biomedical and behavioral research. It will use interviews, document analysis, and participant observation to compare responses to pressure and reform efforts across domains of knowledge production (reproducibility), oversight (post publication peer review), and research dissemination (open publishing and piracy). By using STS theories that address the relation of social order to knowledge production, this project will explore changes in the organization of science, the relationship between scientific practice and extra-scientific environments, and the perceived inadequacy of prevailing models of science. Thus, in each domain the project's first aim is to understand how perceptions of pressure are related to institutional and practical change in science. Second, these changes are compared to STS theories of scientific order and change to speak to how effective the reforms are at restoring order and changing actors' perceptions.