Collaborative Research: Deep Circulation over the Flanks of a Mid-Ocean Ridge
合作研究:大洋中脊两侧的深层环流
基本信息
- 批准号:1736109
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 50.01万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The deep ocean, below the crests of the mid ocean ridges, is a major global reservoir for heat and carbon dioxide, and thus plays an important role in governing the earth's climate. These properties enter the abyssal ocean in plumes of dense water formed at the surface near the poles, and are exchanged throughout the ocean by turbulent diffusion with overlying layers. Deep water flows back toward the poles at lower densities than the plume water. To close the circulation, buoyancy of bottom water must be increased by turbulent diffusion of buoyancy downward, assisted by geothermal heating. Turbulent diffusion has been found to be strongly enhanced over regions of rough topography, but to decrease strongly with height above the bottom. This results, paradoxically, in buoyancy loss in most of the deep ocean, but recent theoretical work suggests that this loss is more than compensated globally by buoyancy gain in a bottom layer and upward flow along the sides of the basins. An example of the processes involved was suggested by an experiment conducted in the Brazil Basin in the 1990's. Turbulence profiles and the evolution of a tracer released above a fracture zone canyon on the flanks of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge showed increased diffusion toward the bottom. Furthermore, though the main tracer patch, which was aloft of most topography, moved poleward and westward, much of the deeper tracer appeared to be drawn eastward and into the canyon, suggesting vigorous mixing in that area. We propose to simulate the evolution of the tracer patch at 2.5-km resolution to understand and quantify the general circulation and lateral eddy stirring, and especially to test measurement-based hypotheses about the distribution of turbulent buoyancy fluxes. Since measurements suggest that buoyancy fluxes in the region are dominated by processes at sills across the canyons, it is necessary to simulate the flow in the region of a well-measured sill at high (250-m) resolution to test hypotheses of how the turbulent buoyancy flux is distributed there in detail. The kind of forcing and bathymetry to be studied in this project typify the flanks of the mid-ocean ridge throughout the Atlantic and much of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. This study will be relevant to a large fraction of the area of the ocean, and will improve our current understanding of the return path of the deep overturning circulation and its role in governing the earth's climate. Generation of turbulence over rough topography and propagation into the interior are complex processes, with many potentially relevant mechanisms of creating velocity shear and large amplitude displacements that provide the ultimate forcing: e.g. internal tides; lee waves; sill flows; and even wind-generated inertial waves. Recent work suggests that this turbulence drives strong upwelling along the sloping ocean topography. The observations collected as part of field programs in the Brazil Basin will provide key information to test the hypothesis. Numerical models will be run to help the investigators interpret the observations and test their theoretical ideas. The main goal is to bring together in a unified picture the numerous Brazil Basin observations, none of which by itself paints a full picture of the abyssal circulation in the Brazil Basin. For example, the sampling of the tracer during Brazil Basin Tracer Release Experiment (BBTRE) and subsequent campaigns was by necessity incomplete. The vertical profiles of microstructure were limited in their spatial and temporal coverage. Mooring velocities were collected at only a few locations. Float data offered a glimpse of the trajectories of a few water parcels. Two sets of numerical simulations will be used in this study. A 2.5-km resolution simulation centered over the region sampled during BBTRE configured to study the dispersion of the tracer, and a 250-m resolution patch embedded in the larger simulation, centered on the BBTRE Canyon to study in detail the diapycnal buoyancy flux and upwelling which appear to be largest along the canyon-and-hills bathymetry.
大洋中脊顶部以下的深海是全球热量和二氧化碳的主要储存库,因此在控制地球气候方面发挥着重要作用。这些特性在两极附近的海面上形成密集的水柱,进入深海,并通过湍流扩散与上覆层在整个海洋中交换。深层水以比羽流水低的密度流回两极。为了封闭环流,必须通过地热加热的辅助,通过浮力向下的湍流扩散来增加底层水的浮力。湍流扩散已被发现是强烈增强的粗糙地形的区域,但强烈降低与高度以上的底部。矛盾的是,这导致了大多数深海浮力的损失,但最近的理论研究表明,这种损失在全球范围内被底层浮力的增加和沿着盆地两侧的向上流动所补偿。1990年代在巴西盆地进行的一项实验提出了所涉过程的一个例子。在大西洋中脊两侧的断裂带峡谷上方释放的示踪剂的湍流剖面和演变表明,向底部的扩散增加。此外,虽然主要的示踪剂补丁,这是在大多数地形的高处,向极地和向西移动,大部分更深的示踪剂似乎被吸引到东部和进入峡谷,这表明在该地区的激烈混合。我们建议在2.5公里的分辨率模拟示踪剂补丁的演变,以了解和量化的大气环流和横向涡动搅拌,特别是测试基于测量的假设湍流浮力通量的分布。由于测量结果表明,在该地区的浮力通量占主导地位的过程中跨峡谷的窗台,它是必要的,以高分辨率(250米),以测试假设的湍流浮力通量是如何分布在那里详细模拟的流动在该地区的一个测量良好的窗台。本项目所要研究的强迫和水深测量的类型是整个大西洋以及印度洋和太平洋大部分地区洋中脊侧翼的典型。这项研究将与海洋的大部分区域相关,并将提高我们目前对深层翻转环流的返回路径及其在控制地球气候方面的作用的理解。在粗糙地形上产生湍流并传播到内部是一个复杂的过程,有许多潜在的相关机制产生速度剪切和大幅度位移,提供最终的强迫:例如内潮;背风波;底流;甚至风产生的惯性波。最近的研究表明,这种湍流驱动强烈的上升流沿沿着倾斜的海洋地形。作为巴西盆地实地项目的一部分收集的观测结果将为检验这一假设提供关键信息。将运行数值模型来帮助研究人员解释观测结果并测试他们的理论想法。主要目标是将巴西海盆的众多观测结果统一起来,因为其中没有一个观测结果本身能够描绘巴西海盆深海环流的全貌。例如,在巴西盆地示踪剂释放实验(BBTRE)和随后的活动中,示踪剂的采样必然是不完整的。微结构垂直剖面的时空覆盖范围有限。仅在少数几个位置收集了系泊速度。浮标数据提供了一些水包裹轨迹的一瞥。本研究将使用两组数值模拟。一个2.5公里的分辨率模拟集中在区域采样期间BBTRE配置研究示踪剂的分散,和一个250米的分辨率补丁嵌入在较大的模拟,集中在BBTRE峡谷,详细研究的diapycnal浮力通量和上涌,这似乎是最大的沿着峡谷和丘陵测深。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
100 Years of the Ocean General Circulation
- DOI:10.1175/amsmonographs-d-18-0002.1
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:C. Wunsch;R. Ferrari
- 通讯作者:C. Wunsch;R. Ferrari
Diapycnal displacement, diffusion, and distortion of tracers in the ocean
海洋中示踪剂的斜轴位移、扩散和扭曲
- DOI:10.1175/jpo-d-22-0010.1
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
- 作者:Drake, Henri F.;Ruan, Xiaozhou;Ferrari, Raffaele
- 通讯作者:Ferrari, Raffaele
Middepth Recipes
中深度食谱
- DOI:10.1175/jpo-d-22-0225.1
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
- 作者:Rogers, Mason;Ferrari, Raffaele;Nadeau, Louis-Philippe
- 通讯作者:Nadeau, Louis-Philippe
Dynamics of an Abyssal Circulation Driven by Bottom-Intensified Mixing on Slopes
- DOI:10.1175/jpo-d-17-0125.1
- 发表时间:2018-06
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
- 作者:J. Callies;R. Ferrari
- 通讯作者:J. Callies;R. Ferrari
Squeeze Dispersion and the Effective Diapycnal Diffusivity of Oceanic Tracers
- DOI:10.1029/2019gl082458
- 发表时间:2019-05
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:G. Wagner;G. Flierl;R. Ferrari;Gunnar Voet;G. Carter;M. Alford;J. Girton
- 通讯作者:G. Wagner;G. Flierl;R. Ferrari;Gunnar Voet;G. Carter;M. Alford;J. Girton
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Raffaele Ferrari其他文献
Genome-wide analyses reveal a potential role for the MAPT, MOBP, and APOE loci in sporadic frontotemporal dementia.
全基因组分析揭示了 MAPT、MOBP 和 APOE 位点在散发性额颞叶痴呆中的潜在作用。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.8
- 作者:
Claudia Manzoni;D. Kia;Raffaele Ferrari;G. Leonenko;Beatrice Costa;Valentina Saba;Edwin Jabbari;M. Tan;D. Albani;V. Álvarez;Ignacio Alvarez;Ole A Andreassen;Antonella Angiolillo;A. Arighi;Matt Baker;L. Benussi;V. Bessi;G. Binetti;Daniel J. Blackburn;Mercè Boada;B. Boeve;S. Borrego;B. Borroni;G. Bråthen;W. Brooks;A. C. Bruni;P. Caroppo;S. Bandres;J. Clarimón;R. Colao;C. Cruchaga;Adrian Danek;Sterre C. M. de Boer;I. de Rojas;A. Di Costanzo;Dennis W. Dickson;J. Diehl‐Schmid;Carol Dobson;O. Dols;Aldo Donizetti;E. Dopper;Elisabetta Durante;C. Ferrari;G. Forloni;F. Frangipane;Laura Fratiglioni;M. Kramberger;Daniela Galimberti;Maurizio Gallucci;P. García;R. Ghidoni;G. Giaccone;Caroline Graff;N. Graff;Jordan Grafman;Glenda M Halliday;Dena G. Hernandez;L. Hjermind;John R. Hodges;G. Holloway;E. Huey;I. Illán;K. Josephs;D. Knopman;M. Kristiansen;John B. Kwok;I. Leber;H. Leonard;Ilenia Libri;A. Lleó;Ian R. A. Mackenzie;G. Madhan;R. Maletta;M. Marquié;A. Maver;M. Menéndez;Graziella Milan;Bruce L. Miller;Christopher M. Morris;Huw R. Morris;B. Nacmias;J. Newton;Jørgen E. Nielsen;Christer Nilsson;V. Novelli;Alessandro Padovani;S. Pal;F. Pasquier;P. Pástor;Robert Perneczky;B. Peterlin;R. C. Petersen;Olivier Piguet;Y. Pijnenburg;A. Puca;R. Rademakers;I. Rainero;L. Reus;A. Richardson;Matthias Riemenschneider;E. Rogaeva;Boris Rogelj;S. Rollinson;H. Rosen;G. Rossi;James B. Rowe;E. Rubino;Agustin Ruiz;Erika Salvi;R. Sánchez;S. Sando;A. Santillo;Jennifer A. Saxon;Johannes CM. Schlachetzki;S. Scholz;H. Seelaar;W. Seeley;M. Serpente;S. Sorbi;S. Sordon;Peter St. George;Jennifer C. Thompson;C. van Broeckhoven;V. V. Van Deerlin;S. J. van der Lee;J. V. van Swieten;Fabrizio Tagliavini;J. van der Zee;Arianna Veronesi;Emilia Vitale;M. L. Waldo;Jennifer S. Yokoyama;Mike A Nalls;P. Momeni;Andy Singleton;John Hardy;Valentina Escott - 通讯作者:
Valentina Escott
Observations of diapycnal upwelling within a sloping submarine canyon
倾斜海底峡谷内垂向上升流的观测
- DOI:
10.1038/s41586-024-07411-2 - 发表时间:
2024-06-26 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
Bethan L. Wynne-Cattanach;Nicole Couto;Henri F. Drake;Raffaele Ferrari;Arnaud Le Boyer;Herlé Mercier;Marie-José Messias;Xiaozhou Ruan;Carl P. Spingys;Hans van Haren;Gunnar Voet;Kurt Polzin;Alberto C. Naveira Garabato;Matthew H. Alford - 通讯作者:
Matthew H. Alford
Genome-wide analyses reveal a potential role for the emMAPT/em, emMOBP/em, and emAPOE/em loci in sporadic frontotemporal dementia
全基因组分析揭示了 emMAPT/em、emMOBP/em 和 emAPOE/em 位点在散发性额颞痴呆中的潜在作用
- DOI:
10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.05.017 - 发表时间:
2024-07-11 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:8.100
- 作者:
Claudia Manzoni;Demis A. Kia;Raffaele Ferrari;Ganna Leonenko;Beatrice Costa;Valentina Saba;Edwin Jabbari;Manuela MX. Tan;Diego Albani;Victoria Alvarez;Ignacio Alvarez;Ole A. Andreassen;Antonella Angiolillo;Andrea Arighi;Matt Baker;Luisa Benussi;Valentina Bessi;Giuliano Binetti;Daniel J. Blackburn;Merce Boada;Valentina Escott-Price - 通讯作者:
Valentina Escott-Price
Direct Estimate of Lateral Eddy Diffusivity Upstream of the Drake Passage
德雷克海峡上游横向涡流扩散率的直接估计
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2013 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Rosstulloch;Raffaele Ferrari;Oliver Jahn;A. Klocker;Jim Ledwell;John Marshall;Kevin Speer;Andrew Watson - 通讯作者:
Andrew Watson
The evolving butterfly: Statistics in a changing attractor
不断进化的蝴蝶:不断变化的吸引子中的统计数据
- DOI:
10.1016/j.physd.2024.134107 - 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Gosha Geogdzhayev;Andre N. Souza;Raffaele Ferrari - 通讯作者:
Raffaele Ferrari
Raffaele Ferrari的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Raffaele Ferrari', 18)}}的其他基金
2019 Graduate Climate Conference; Woods Hole, Massachusetts; November 7-10, 2019
2019年研究生气候会议;
- 批准号:
1929918 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Bottom Boundary Layer Turbulent and Abyssal Recipes
合作研究:底部边界层湍流和深渊配方
- 批准号:
1756324 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: HDR: Data-Driven Earth System Modeling
合作研究:HDR:数据驱动的地球系统建模
- 批准号:
1835576 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
2017 Graduate Climate Conference; Woods Hole, Massachusetts; November 10-12, 2017
2017年研究生气候会议;
- 批准号:
1727575 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: An Ocean Tale of Two Climates: Modern and Last Glacial Maximum
合作研究:两种气候的海洋故事:现代和末次盛冰期
- 批准号:
1536515 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
2015 Graduate Climate Conference (GCC); Woods Hole, Massachusetts; November 6-8, 2015
2015年研究生气候会议(GCC);
- 批准号:
1542590 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Diagnosing Eddy mixing in DIMES
合作研究:诊断 DIMES 中的涡流混合
- 批准号:
1233832 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Forcing and the North Atlantic Spring Bloom
合作研究:强迫和北大西洋春季水华
- 批准号:
1155205 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
2011 Graduate Climate Conference on Climate and Climate Change in an Array of Disciplines; Woods Hole, MA; October 28-30, 2011
2011 年气候与气候变化多个学科研究生气候会议;
- 批准号:
1146864 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
CMG COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: From internal waves to mixing in the ocean
CMG 合作研究:从内波到海洋中的混合
- 批准号:
1024198 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: RI: Medium: Principles for Optimization, Generalization, and Transferability via Deep Neural Collapse
合作研究:RI:中:通过深度神经崩溃实现优化、泛化和可迁移性的原理
- 批准号:
2312841 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 50.01万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant