Collaborative Research: Evaluating how abalone populations in the California Current are structured by the interplay of large-scale oceanographic forcing and nearshore variability

合作研究：评估加州海流中的鲍鱼种群是如何通过大规模海洋强迫和近岸变化的相互作用而构成的

• 批准号: 1736830
• 负责人: Fiorenza Micheli
• 金额: $ 91.34万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1736830&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Evaluating; how; abalone

Oceanographic variability is increasingly recognized as a driver of change in marine ecosystems. Understanding the effects of this oceanographic variability and its extremes on organisms, populations, ecosystems and the critical services they deliver is of great scientific interest and pivotal for resource management and policy. The overarching goal of this project is to determine how small-scale heterogeneity in habitat quality and site-specific vulnerability to extreme oceanographic conditions might help identify safe spaces and protect coastal populations and fisheries from the detrimental effects of increasing frequency, intensity and durations of extreme oceanographic conditions. This project will combine detailed nearshore oceanographic studies with ecological experiments and coupled biophysical modeling to advance understanding of the drivers of local oceanographic variability and consequent effects on coastal marine animals. The research will determine how multiple, potentially stressful, environmental drivers co-vary in the field and how such variation affects the population dynamics of coastal species. Specifically, this project will provide key insights regarding how changes in ocean acidification, dissolved oxygen and temperature will affect green and pink abalone, an ecologically and economically important resource in the southern California Current. Team members will work with partner non-governmental organizations, resource agencies, and fishing cooperative federations to disseminate results and incorporate data and insights into fisheries management and adaptation initiatives in Baja California, Mexico and in California, USA. This project will also support the training and professional development of underrepresented groups at the high school, undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral levels through direct involvement in research, intensive courses and international workshops.Despite large-scale drivers and regional perturbations, local variability in ocean conditions may be a major driver of the overall performance and vulnerability of coastal marine species. Research performed as part of this project will test two specific hypotheses: (1) The relative influences of upwelling versus tides, as mediated by coastal geometry and structural complexity associated with rocky reefs and kelp forests act to create high local variability in physical conditions, at scales of 10s-1000s meters; and (2) Local variability in oceanographic conditions results in high local patchiness in the performance of sedentary marine organisms, providing for safe spaces in the face of escalating heat waves, hypoxia, and acidification, that have caused recent mass mortalities in multiple species across the California Current region. Integrated oceanographic-ecological field studies will be conducted along the coast of Baja California, Mexico, using green and pink abalone (Haliotis fulgens, H. corrugata) as model species. Complementary laboratory experiments will evaluate how different exposure regimes (frequency, intensity and duration of high temperature, and/or low dissolved oxygen and acidity events) may affect the demography and persistence of abalone populations under current and future environments. Coupled biophysical and population models will integrate results from the field and laboratory experiments to understand how local variability in ocean conditions affects population dynamics over longer periods. The research will advance the understanding of factors affecting the resilience coastal species by (1) ascertaining how large-scale oceanographic phenomena manifest in ocean conditions (dissolved oxygen, acidity, temperature) at local scales that are most relevant to coastal marine ecosystems and (2) determining the effects of current, and expected future, ocean conditions and variability on important marine species.

人们日益认识到，海洋学的可变性是海洋生态系统变化的驱动因素。了解这种海洋变化及其极端情况对生物、种群、生态系统及其提供的关键服务的影响具有重大的科学意义，对资源管理和政策至关重要。该项目的总体目标是确定生境质量的小规模异质性和特定地点对极端海洋条件的脆弱性如何有助于确定安全空间，并保护沿海人口和渔业免受极端海洋条件日益频繁、强度和持续时间的不利影响。该项目将联合收割机结合详细的近岸海洋学研究与生态实验和耦合生物物理建模，以促进了解当地海洋学变化的驱动因素及其对沿海海洋动物的影响。该研究将确定多个潜在压力的环境驱动因素如何在该领域共同变化，以及这种变化如何影响沿海物种的种群动态。具体而言，该项目将提供有关海洋酸化，溶解氧和温度变化将如何影响绿色和粉红鲍鱼的关键见解，这是加州南部洋流的一种生态和经济重要资源。小组成员将与非政府组织、资源机构和渔业合作联合会合作，传播成果，并将数据和见解纳入墨西哥下加利福尼亚和美国加州的渔业管理和适应举措。该项目还将通过直接参与研究、强化课程和国际讲习班，支持在高中、本科、研究生和博士后一级代表性不足的群体的培训和专业发展，尽管有大规模的驱动因素和区域扰动，但海洋条件的局部变化可能是沿海海洋物种总体表现和脆弱性的主要驱动因素。作为该项目的一部分进行的研究将检验两个具体的假设：（1）上升流与潮汐的相对影响，由海岸几何形状和与岩礁和海带森林相关的结构复杂性介导，在10 - 1000米的尺度上，造成物理条件的高度局部变化;和（2）海洋条件的局部可变性导致定居海洋生物的表现在局部具有高度的斑块性，从而在面对不断升级的热浪、缺氧和酸化时提供安全空间，最近在加州洋流区造成了多个物种的大规模死亡。将在墨西哥下加利福尼亚沿岸进行沿着综合海洋生态实地研究，使用绿色和粉红色鲍鱼（Haliotis fulgens，H. corrugata）作为模式种。补充实验室实验将评估不同的暴露制度（频率，强度和持续时间的高温，和/或低溶解氧和酸度事件）可能会影响鲍鱼种群的人口和持久性在当前和未来的环境。耦合的生物物理和种群模型将整合实地和实验室实验的结果，以了解海洋条件的局部变化如何在较长时期内影响种群动态。该研究将通过以下方式促进对影响沿海物种复原力的因素的理解：（1）确定大规模海洋学现象如何在与沿海海洋生态系统最相关的地方尺度上表现在海洋条件（溶解氧，酸度，温度）中;（2）确定当前和预期未来海洋条件和变化对重要海洋物种的影响。

项目成果

Variability in grazing on juvenile giant kelp throughout an upwelling season

整个上升流季节幼年巨藻吃草的变化

• DOI: 10.3354/meps14083
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Ng, CA;Micheli, F
• 通讯作者: Micheli, F

Uncertainty analysis and robust areas of high and low modeled human impact on the global oceans: Human-Impact Areas

不确定性分析和人类对全球海洋影响高低模型的稳健区域：人类影响区域

• DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13141
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Conservation Biology
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Stock, Andy;Crowder, Larry B.;Halpern, Benjamin S.;Micheli, Fiorenza
• 通讯作者: Micheli, Fiorenza

Modelling the effect of habitat and fishing heterogeneity on the performance of a Total Allowable Catch-regulated fishery

模拟栖息地和捕捞异质性对总允许捕捞量调节渔业绩效的影响

• DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsac067
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: ICES Journal of Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Pourtois, Julie D.;Provost, Mikaela M.;Micheli, Fiorenza;De Leo, Giulio A.;Kaplan, ed., David
• 通讯作者: Kaplan, ed., David

Abalone populations are most sensitive to environmental stress effects on adult individuals

鲍鱼种群对环境压力对成年个体的影响最敏感

• DOI: 10.3354/meps13320
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Aalto, EA;Barry, JP;Boch, CA;Litvin, SY;Micheli, F;Woodson, CB;De Leo, GA
• 通讯作者: De Leo, GA

Influence of kelp forests on flow around headlands

海带森林对岬角周围水流的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153952
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Science of The Total Environment
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Valle-Levinson, Arnoldo;Daly, Margaret A.;Juarez, Braulio;Tenorio-Fernandez, Leonardo;Fagundes, Matheus;Woodson, C. Brock;Monismith, Stephen G.
• 通讯作者: Monismith, Stephen G.