An experimental facility to test the impacts of multiple physical stressors on physiology, ecology and genomics of marine species

测试多种物理压力源对海洋物种生理学、生态学和基因组学影响的实验设施

• 批准号: 1722513
• 负责人: Fiorenza Micheli
• 金额: $ 27.93万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1722513&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: experimental; facility; test; impacts; multiple

Coastal marine ecosystems in the US and the economies that depend on them are experiencing the brunt of an increasingly variable climate, characterized by increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves, strong El Niño events, storms, low-oxygen episodes and gradual ocean acidification. These changes in the environment have cumulative biological effects, and a great deal of research shows how each one separately affects many marine species. What is needed next is a set of experiments on how these environmental factors act when they act in combination with each other. This project will establish a new multi-user experimental facility at Hopkins Marine Station that will provide independent control of seawater temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and acidification. These units will allow researchers to expose marine species to the wide range of physical conditions found naturally in upwelling ecosystems, and to alter those conditions to match future predictions. The proposed facility will enable training in experimental biology and climate change science for postdoctoral researchers, graduate and undergraduate students at all Monterey Bay institutions, K-12 outreach programs, and a training program for graduate students from the University of Puerto Rico. A major component of the proposed training activities is through collaboration with faculty at California State University Monterey Bay in supporting broad participation of underrepresented minorities, women and first generation college students in independent research and course-based projects. The impact of multiple environmental stressors acting together on marine species has been hypothesized to be more than the sum of the impacts of single stressors alone. Yet this hypothesis has not often been tested across a range of species that naturally experience multi-stressor environmental impacts. The proposed facility will enable researchers at marine institutions in the Monterey Bay area to conduct the next generation of multi-stressor experiments with a suite of benthic and pelagic marine invertebrates and fishes that are relevant to local ecosystems and environmental variability. This project will address this issue by establishing a new multi-user experimental facility at Hopkins Marine Station (https://hopkinsmarinestation.stanford.edu) that will allow independent control of seawater temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and pH over a range of parameter values that regularly occur in Monterey Bay and the offshore waters of the California Current System. The facility will include 40 independently controlled 189-liter aquaria and is based on successful construction and experimental use of four fully working prototypes. Thirty-six units will be added as part of this project. Four 500-liter round tanks to facilitate the study of small pelagic fishes and squid, and a small-tank system designed to allow the rapid change of multiple physical parameters through mixing of controlled water volumes for experiments on pelagic squid and fishes that involve equipment-intensive electrophysiological and biomechanical approaches will be components of the system to be employed. Experiments conducted in this facility will be analyzed through a wide range of modern tools including advanced genomics, neurophysiology, analysis of species interaction strengths, and ecosystem modeling. Overall, these facilities will provide an unprecedented ability to conduct collaborative joint experiments on a wide range of ecologically and economically relevant species and will support a creative and comprehensive research program on the effects of changing physical parameters on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of the future oceans.

美国的沿海海洋生态系统和依赖它们的经济体正在遭受日益多变的气候的冲击，其特点是热浪的频率和强度增加，强烈的厄尔尼诺事件，风暴，低氧事件和逐渐的海洋酸化。这些环境变化具有累积的生物效应，大量研究表明，每一种变化如何分别影响许多海洋物种。接下来需要的是一系列实验，研究这些环境因素在相互结合时如何发挥作用。该项目将在霍普金斯海洋站建立一个新的多用户实验设施，对海水温度、溶解氧浓度和酸化进行独立控制。这些装置将使研究人员能够将海洋物种暴露在上升流生态系统中自然存在的各种物理条件下，并改变这些条件以符合未来的预测。拟议的设施将使实验生物学和气候变化科学的博士后研究人员，研究生和本科生在所有蒙特雷湾机构，K-12推广计划，并从波多黎各大学的研究生培训计划的培训。拟议培训活动的一个主要组成部分是与加州州立大学蒙特雷湾大学的教员合作，支持代表性不足的少数群体、妇女和第一代大学生广泛参与独立研究和课程项目。 据推测，多种环境压力因素共同作用对海洋物种的影响超过单一压力因素单独作用的总和。然而，这一假设并没有经常在一系列自然经历多压力环境影响的物种中得到检验。拟议的设施将使蒙特雷湾地区海洋研究所的研究人员能够利用与当地生态系统和环境变异有关的一系列海底和中上层海洋无脊椎动物和鱼类进行下一代多压力源实验。该项目将通过在霍普金斯海洋站（https：//www.example.com）建立一个新的多用户实验设施来解决这一问题，该设施将允许独立控制蒙特雷湾和加州海流系统近海沃茨经常出现的一系列参数值的海水温度、溶解氧浓度和pH值。hopkinsmarinestation.stanford.edu该设施将包括40个独立控制的189升水族馆，并基于四个完全工作原型的成功建造和实验使用。作为该项目的一部分，将增加36个单位。该系统将包括四个500升的圆形水箱，以便利对小型中上层鱼类和鱿鱼的研究，还将包括一个小型水箱系统，其设计目的是通过将控制水量混合起来，迅速改变多种物理参数，以便对中上层鱿鱼和鱼类进行涉及设备密集型电生理学和生物力学方法的实验。在该设施进行的实验将通过广泛的现代工具进行分析，包括先进的基因组学，神经生理学，物种相互作用强度的分析，和生态系统建模。总体而言，这些设施将提供前所未有的能力，对广泛的生态和经济相关物种进行协作联合实验，并将支持一项创造性且全面的研究计划，研究物理参数变化对未来海洋生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响。

项目成果

Variability in grazing on juvenile giant kelp throughout an upwelling season

整个上升流季节幼年巨藻吃草的变化

• DOI: 10.3354/meps14083
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Ng, CA;Micheli, F
• 通讯作者: Micheli, F

Lethal and functional thresholds of hypoxia in two key benthic grazers

两种主要底栖食草动物缺氧的致死阈值和功能阈值

• DOI: 10.3354/meps12558
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Low, NHN;Micheli, F
• 通讯作者: Micheli, F

Short-term effects of hypoxia are more important than effects of ocean acidification on grazing interactions with juvenile giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)

缺氧的短期影响比海洋酸化对巨藻幼年放牧相互作用的影响更重要

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62294-3
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Scientific Reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Ng, Crystal A.;Micheli, Fiorenza
• 通讯作者: Micheli, Fiorenza

Hypoxia tolerance of giant axon-mediated escape jetting in California market squid ( Doryteuthis opalescens )

加州市场鱿鱼（Doryteuthis opalescens）巨型轴突介导的逃逸喷射的缺氧耐受性

• DOI: 10.1242/jeb.198812
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: The Journal of Experimental Biology
• 作者: Li, Diana H.;Gilly, William F.
• 通讯作者: Gilly, William F.

Short- and long-term impacts of variable hypoxia exposures on kelp forest sea urchins

不同缺氧暴露对海带森林海胆的短期和长期影响

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59483-5
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Scientific Reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Low, Natalie H. N.;Micheli, Fiorenza
• 通讯作者: Micheli, Fiorenza