Think Math + C: Integrating Programming Into a Comprehensive K-5 Mathematics Curriculum

由于计算已经成为科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）实践中不可或缺的一部分，STEM +计算计划旨在研究和推进学科STEM教学和学习中计算思维和计算活动的应用整合，并在高中（preK-12）早期儿童教育中进行。教育发展中心的探索性项目“思考数学+C：将编程融入全面的K-5数学课程”将调查如何将编程融入全面的小学数学课程，以支持学生的数学理解和计算思维。程序设计是一种计算语言，学生可以通过它精确地表达他们的数学思想和计算思维。在纸上的数学符号只是坐在那里的地方，编程是活跃的，学生可以参与其中，并通过处理它来判断问题的正确性。这在数学课堂上可能具有变革性，使学生和老师能够看到分解问题、隐藏不相关细节和从特定实例中进行概括等心理行为，这是其他媒体无法做到的，并允许学生检查和调试自己的思维。这个为期三年的项目将把编程思想和技能的连贯发展自然地融入到小学的数学课程中，使计算思维和数学推理以相辅相成的方式发展。本项目开发的高质量教学材料将支持教师和学生进行编程活动，加强数学和计算思维，为更广泛的学生提供更多的学习和学术进步机会。Think Math+C项目为期三年，将与小学教师和学生密切合作，制定全面整合编程的K-5数学课程的范围和顺序，并与二年级教师和学生一起设计和实施教学活动。为了建立这个完全整合的小学数学和编程课程，项目团队将使用Think Math作为基础，这是教育发展中心在国家科学基金会的事先支持下开发的现有的全面连贯的K-5数学课程。项目团队还将考察这些活动对教学和学生思维的影响，通过课堂观察和认知访谈，将Think Math+C与商业模式下的Think Math课堂进行比较。该项目还将试点和完善捕捉学生数学和计算思维证据的措施，这将为STEM +计算综合教与学的影响提供新的证据，从而推动该领域的发展。

As computing has become integral to the practice of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), the STEM + Computing Program seeks to study and advance the applied integration of computational thinking and computing activities within disciplinary STEM teaching and learning in early childhood education through high school (preK-12). The Education Development Center's exploratory project, Think Math+C: Integrating Programming into a Comprehensive K-5 Mathematics Curriculum, will investigate how integrating programming into a comprehensive elementary mathematics curriculum can support students' mathematical understanding and computational thinking. Programming is a computational language through which students can express their mathematical ideas and computational thinking precisely. Where mathematical notation on paper just sits there, programming is active and students can engage in it and judge the correctness of a problem by processing it. This can potentially be transformative in a mathematics classroom, making mental acts, such as decomposing problems, hiding irrelevant detail, and generalizing from specific instances visible to students and their teachers in ways that other media do not accomplish as well, and allowing students to examine and debug their own thinking. The three-year project will build a coherent progression of programming ideas and skills naturally into a mathematics curriculum across the elementary grades, allowing computational thinking and mathematical reasoning to grow in developmentally appropriate ways that complement each other. High-quality instructional materials developed in this project will support teachers and students in programming activities that can strengthen both mathematical and computational thinking, giving a much wider range of students a greater opportunity learning and academic advancement. The Think Math+C three-year project will work closely with elementary teachers and students to develop a scope and sequence for a K-5 mathematics curriculum that fully integrates programming, and to design and implement instructional activities with grade 2 teachers and students. To build this fully integrated elementary mathematics and programming curriculum, the project team will use as a base, Think Math, an existing comprehensive and coherent K-5 mathematics curriculum developed at the Education Development Center with prior support from NSF. The project team will also examine the impact of those activities on instruction and student thinking, comparing Think Math+C to business-as-usual Think Math classrooms using classroom observations and cognitive interviews. The project will also pilot and refine measures that capture evidence of students' mathematical and computational thinking, which will advance the field with new evidence for the effects of integrated STEM + computing teaching and learning.