PIRE: Black Hole Astrophysics in the Era of Distributed Resources and Expertise

PIRE：分布式资源和专业知识时代的黑洞天体物理学

• 批准号: 1743747
• 负责人: Chi-kwan Chan
• 金额: $ 567.88万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1743747&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PIRE; Black; Hole; Astrophysics; Era

PI: Dimitrios Psaltis (University of Arizona)co-PIs: Sheperd Doeleman (Harvard University)Charles Gammie (University of Illinois)Daniel Marrone (University of Arizona)Feryal Ozel (University of Arizona)Non-Technical Explanation:The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is an Earth-sized array of telescopes that aims to obtain the first ever images of astrophysical black holes and test Einstein's theory of general relativity in extreme conditions. The project is inherently international and multidisciplinary, involving telescopes and institutions on five continents and requiring expertise in areas ranging from detector development to high-performance computing and theoretical physics. The PIRE project team will integrate researchers in the U.S., Germany, Mexico, and Taiwan and usher astronomical projects, such as the EHT, into the era of big and distributed data science. The PIRE award will fund activities in detector development, in mounting coordinated observations, in fast data transfer between partner institutions, and in cloud computing that will realize the scientific potential of the observations. The project activities, summer schools, and webinars will enable the education of students and early career researchers with internationally collaborative, hands-on experience in state-of-the-art instrumentation technology, high-performance computing, and big data science. The PIRE will also provide critical experience to young researchers in navigating large, complex international collaborations. The tools developed under this PIRE award will be openly available to the broader community to directly benefit all other projects that rely on distributed resources and expertise. The compelling combination of the first images of black holes, the visually stunning results of computer simulations, and the use of virtual reality tools will engage the public in the fascinating astrophysics of black holes and inspire aspiring and future STEM students.Technical Description:The EHT generates data and computational products distributed on a global scale at a rate that pushes the limits of the current infrastructure for sharing and analysis. The proposed PIRE award will support the goal of studying black holes with the EHT at unprecedented angular resolution by funding activities to develop: (i) advanced technologies to increase the efficiency of observations; (ii) algorithms for optimizing the scheduling and triggering of world-wide campaigns; (iii) infrastructure to facilitate fast transfer and sharing large volumes of data among participating institutions; and (iv) cloud computing frameworks to realize the scientific potential of the observations by supporting advanced modeling and analysis efforts. The unique opportunities that the international partners bring to the PIRE project include developing the infrastructure that accelerates the worldwide sharing of data, tools, and resources in order to fundamentally transform the way international and multifaceted collaborations, such as the EHT, are utilized. The proposed PIRE award will engage undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral associates in a three-continent project with annual summer schools alternating between the four member countries. This will be augmented by monthly webinars, hackathons, and regular exchange visits among partner institutions. The educational outcome of this collaboration will be monitored and continuously improved by using advanced assessment tools.

主要研究者：Dimitrios Psaltis（亚利桑那大学）：Sheperd Doeleman（哈佛大学）Charles Gammie（伊利诺伊大学）丹尼尔Marrone（亚利桑那大学）Feryal Ozel（亚利桑那大学）非技术性说明：事件视界望远镜（EHT）是一个地球大小的望远镜阵列，旨在获得有史以来第一个天体物理黑洞的图像，并在极端条件下测试爱因斯坦的广义相对论。该项目本质上是国际性和多学科的，涉及五大洲的望远镜和机构，需要从探测器开发到高性能计算和理论物理等领域的专业知识。PIRE项目团队将整合美国的研究人员，德国、墨西哥和台湾，并将天文项目（如EHT）带入大数据和分布式数据科学时代。PIRE奖将资助探测器开发、安装协调观测、伙伴机构之间快速数据传输以及实现观测科学潜力的云计算等活动。项目活动、暑期学校和网络研讨会将使学生和早期职业研究人员能够在最先进的仪器技术、高性能计算和大数据科学方面获得国际合作和实践经验。PIRE还将为年轻研究人员提供重要的经验，以指导大型复杂的国际合作。在此PIRE奖下开发的工具将向更广泛的社区开放，以直接受益于依赖分布式资源和专业知识的所有其他项目。黑洞的第一张图像、计算机模拟的视觉震撼效果以及虚拟现实工具的使用将吸引公众参与黑洞的迷人天体物理学，并激励有抱负和未来的STEM学生。技术描述：EHT生成分布在全球范围内的数据和计算产品，其速度推动了当前基础设施的极限，以进行共享和分析。拟议的PIRE奖将支持以前所未有的角分辨率利用EHT研究黑洞的目标，资助开发以下活动：（一）提高观测效率的先进技术;（二）优化世界范围活动的时间安排和触发的算法;（三）促进参与机构之间快速传输和共享大量数据的基础设施;以及（iv）云计算框架，通过支持先进的建模和分析工作，实现观测的科学潜力。国际合作伙伴为PIRE项目带来的独特机会包括开发基础设施，加速全球数据，工具和资源的共享，以便从根本上改变国际和多方面合作的方式，例如EHT。拟议的PIRE奖将吸引本科生，研究生和博士后研究员参加三大洲项目，每年的暑期学校在四个成员国之间交替。这将通过每月的网络研讨会、黑客马拉松和伙伴机构之间的定期互访得到加强。这项合作的教育成果将通过使用先进的评估工具进行监测和不断改进。

项目成果

Black hole magnetic fields and their imprint on circular polarization images

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab1289
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 作者: Angelo Ricarte;R. Qiu;R. Narayan

Bremsstrahlung in GRMHD Models of Accreting Black Holes

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab9808
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: R. Yarza;G. Wong;B. Ryan;C. Gammie

A survey of deuterated ammonia in the Cepheus star-forming region L1251

仙王座恒星形成区 L1251 氘氨调查

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac2084
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Galloway-Sprietsma, Maria;Shirley, Yancy L.;Di Francesco, James;Keown, Jared;Scibelli, Samantha;Sipilä, Olli;Smullen, Rachel
• 通讯作者: Smullen, Rachel

Brightness Asymmetry of Black Hole Images as a Probe of Observer Inclination

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac33a7
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: L. Medeiros;Chi-kwan Chan;R. Narayan;F. Özel;D. Psaltis

Resolving the Inner Parsec of the Blazar J1924–2914 with the Event Horizon Telescope

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac7a40
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: S. Issaoun;M. Wielgus;S. Jorstad;T. Krichbaum;L. Blackburn;M. Janssen;Chi-kwan Chan;D. Pesce