EAGER: PPER: Development of a Contest-based Crowdsourcing Scheme for Public Water Quality Monitoring

1743997(钼)。该项目旨在设计、评估和理解一个可推广的基于竞赛的众包计划，以使公众参与到用户水龙头的持续水质监测活动中。该方法的目的是在密歇根州弗林特这样的公共水质危机中及早做出反应、进行风险管理并减少危害。将制定两项具有不同公众认可奖励计划的竞赛，一项侧重于奖励参与者在不同地点收集的样本数量，另一项侧重于奖励参与者加入该计划的新成员数量。每次竞赛的实验设计包括在线赛前调查、参与者收集样本、基于纸质的竞赛后调查和访谈以及在一个实验室设施中进行集中样本分析。两种不同的污染物(即铅和铜)将在两场比赛中进行测试，以减少多场比赛的潜在疲劳影响。将利用社交媒体(如Facebook、Twitter)和口碑宣传来招募参与者。调查工具将被用来收集关于参与者的动机、社会经济特征以及对拟议计划的看法的信息。该项目应有助于确定和理解影响数据质量、在决策中使用科学、科学素养和基于竞赛的众包工作中的网络变化的结果的最佳程序设计特征和人口统计因素。该项目的目标是建立一个可推广的框架，让公众参与用户水龙头的水质监测。这项工作将在以下方面产生新的知识：1)有效地设计众包计划，让公众参与家庭水质监测活动；2)促使公众参与家庭水质监测活动的主要动机和阻碍公众参与此类活动的障碍；3)了解人们的社会经济地位、工作信心和环境意识对他们参与水质监测活动的影响；4)利用众包提高公众的科学素养、社会网络和环境决策的潜在好处；5)水质危险信号可能导致的财产价值和社会公平的变化；6)加强对影响家庭用水水质因素的认识。该项目还旨在制定一种具有成本效益和公众参与的家庭水质监测方法，并发起和确定一个可参与未来水质监测工作的社区。

1743997 (Mo). This project aims to design, assess, and understand a generalizable contest-based crowdsourcing scheme to engage the public in continuous water quality monitoring activities at the consumer tap. The approach is intended to allow early response, risk management, and harm reduction in a public water quality crisis like Flint, MI. Two contests with different public recognition reward schemes will be developed, one that focuses on rewarding participants for the number of samples collected at different locations and another that focuses on rewarding participants for the number of new recruits to the program. The experimental design of each contest includes online pre-contest surveys, sample collection by the participants, paper-based post-contest surveys and interviews, and centralized sample analysis at one lab facility. Two different contaminants (i.e., lead and copper) will be tested in the two contests to reduce the potential fatigue effect from multiple contests. Social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) and word-of-mouth promotion will be used to recruit participants. The survey instruments will be used to collect information regarding participants' motivation, socioeconomic characteristics, and perceptions of the proposed scheme. This project should facilitate identification and understanding of optimal program design features and demographic factors that influence outcomes related to data quality, use of science in decision-making, scientific literacy, and networking changes from contest-based crowdsourcing efforts. The project is targeted to result in creation of a generalizable framework to engage the public in water quality monitoring at the consumer taps. This work will generate new knowledge in: 1) effective design of crowdsourcing schemes to engage the public in household water quality monitoring activities; 2) major motivators to engage the public in household water quality monitoring activities and barriers that prevent people from participating in such activities; 3) an understanding of the influence of people's socioeconomic status, job confidence, and environmental awareness on their participation in water quality monitoring activities; 4) the potential benefits of using crowdsourcing to improve public scientific literacy, social network, and environmental decision-making; 5) the potential changes in property values and social equity resulting from a water quality red flag; and, 6) enhanced understanding of the factors that influence household water quality. This project is also targeted to result in the development of a cost-effective and public engaged approach of household water quality monitoring, and initiation and identification of a community that could be engaged in future water quality monitoring efforts.