Molecular mechanisms integrating fungal growth with plant innate immunity suppression

真菌生长与植物先天免疫抑制相结合的分子机制

• 批准号: 1758805
• 负责人: Richard Wilson
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1758805&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; mechanisms; integrating; fungal; growth

By addressing the fundamental question "How do fungal cells thrive in plant cells?" this project aims to resolve substantial issues in plant pathology regarding what molecular mechanisms integrate fungal metabolism and growth in host cells with sustained plant innate immunity suppression. The project involves forward and reverse genetics, genome-wide proteomic and metabolic approaches, and live-cell imaging to understand how the growth and metabolism of rice blast fungus in host rice cells is facilitated and linked to host immune suppression. This could lead to the development of novel crop protection strategies targeting molecular pathways that are critical for the growth of the fungus but are not required for the normal function of the host cell, and could shed new light on both the basic principles of cell growth, and on the nature and regulation of host-microbe interfaces. The educational objectives will expand scientific education by stimulating undergraduates' science learning, preparing graduate students for scientific life beyond the university, and inspiring scientific interest in underrepresented high school students.In order to cause plant disease, and in common with other plant-associated microbes, the devastating rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae initially forms intimate associations with living rice cells and grows for the first few days of infection as a symptomless biotroph, elaborating invasive hyphae (IH) wrapped in plant-derived membranes, acquiring nutrients and evading rice innate immune responses as it spreads cell-to-cell. After 3-5 days of infection, M. oryzae undergoes a lifestyle transition to necrotrophy, resulting in disease symptom development, host cell death and sporulation from leaf lesions. How M. oryzae controls the development of IH during the biotrophic growth phase while simultaneously evading or suppressing host innate immunity, and what triggers the transition to necrotrophy following the extended biotrophic growth phase, is almost entirely unknown at the molecular level. This project seeks to address these knowledge gaps by generating and characterizing mutants of M. oryzae that are unable to colonize host plant cells. This is expected to uncover novel cellular, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms governing rice infection. Results from the proposed work could point to novel sources of disease resistance, shed light on fundamental concepts of plant host-microbe interactions, and indicate how beneficial plant-fungal interactions might be promoted while those detrimental to crop health are diminished. The work will foster the molecular training of postdoctoral, graduate and undergraduate students from diverse backgrounds through active participation in tackling the real-world problem of rice blast disease.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

通过回答基本问题“真菌细胞如何在植物细胞中茁壮成长？”这个项目旨在解决植物病理学中的实质性问题，即什么分子机制将真菌在宿主细胞中的代谢和生长与持续的植物先天免疫抑制结合在一起。该项目涉及正向和反向遗传学、全基因组蛋白质组和代谢方法以及活细胞成像，以了解稻瘟病菌在宿主水稻细胞中的生长和代谢是如何促进的，并与宿主免疫抑制有关。这可能导致针对分子途径的作物保护策略的开发，这些分子途径对真菌的生长至关重要，但不是宿主细胞正常功能所必需的，并可能为细胞生长的基本原理以及宿主-微生物界面的性质和调节提供新的线索。教育目标将通过刺激本科生的科学学习，为研究生在大学以外的科学生活做好准备，以及激发对未被充分代表的高中生的科学兴趣来扩大科学教育。为了引起植物疾病，并与其他与植物相关的微生物一样，毁灭性的稻瘟菌最初与活的水稻细胞形成密切的联系，并在感染的头几天作为无症状的向生菌生长，详细阐述了包裹在植物衍生膜中的入侵菌丝(IH)，获得营养物质，并在细胞到细胞传播时避开水稻的先天免疫反应。侵染3-5天后，水稻根结线虫经历向坏死营养的生活方式转变，导致疾病症状发展、寄主细胞死亡和叶片病斑形成孢子。米曲霉是如何在生物营养生长期控制IH的发育，同时逃避或抑制寄主的天然免疫，以及在延长的生物营养生长期后，是什么触发了向坏死营养的转变，在分子水平上几乎是完全未知的。该项目试图通过产生和鉴定不能在寄主植物细胞上定居的米曲霉突变体来解决这些知识差距。这有望揭示控制水稻感染的新的细胞、生化和遗传机制。这项拟议工作的结果可能指出新的抗病来源，阐明植物寄主-微生物相互作用的基本概念，并表明如何促进有益的植物-真菌相互作用，而不利于作物健康的植物-真菌相互作用被削弱。这项工作将通过积极参与解决现实世界中的稻瘟病问题来培养来自不同背景的博士后、研究生和本科生的分子培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Specimen Preparation and Observations of Appressorial Cells Under Electron Microscopy

附着细胞的标本制备及电镜观察

• DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1613-0_6
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Methods in molecular biology
• 作者: Rocha, RO;Wilson, RA.
• 通讯作者: Wilson, RA.

Plant killers make the cut

植物杀手脱颖而出

• DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-00943-7
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Nature Microbiology
• 影响因子: 28.3
• 作者: Wilson, Richard A.

Nutritional factors modulating plant and fruit susceptibility to pathogens: BARD workshop, Haifa, Israel, February 25–26, 2018

调节植物和水果对病原体易感性的营养因素：BARD 研讨会，以色列海法，2018 年 2 月 25 日至 26 日

• DOI: 10.1007/s12600-020-00803-w
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Phytoparasitica
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: Prusky, Dov;de Assis, Leandro José;Baroncelli, Riccardo;Benito, Ernesto P.;del Castillo, Virginia Casado;Chaya, Timothy;Covo, Shay;Díaz-Mínguez, José María;Donofrio, Nicole M.;Espeso, Eduardo
• 通讯作者: Espeso, Eduardo

tRNA modification and codon usage control pathogen secretion in host cells

tRNA 修饰和密码子使用控制宿主细胞中病原体的分泌

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1690424/v1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Research square
• 作者: Gang Li;Ziwen Gong;Nawaraj Dulal;Richard Wilson
• 通讯作者: Richard Wilson

Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP) of Low-Abundance Protein Complexes in Filamentous Fungi Demonstrated Using Magnaporthe oryzae

使用 Magnaporthe oryzae 演示丝状真菌中低丰度蛋白质复合物的串联亲和纯化 (TAP)

• DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1613-0_8
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Methods in molecular biology
• 作者: Wilson, RA.