CHS: Small: Collaborative Research: 3D Printing for High Fidelity Image Reproduction Capturing Texture, Spectral Color, Gloss, and Translucency

CHS：小型：协作研究：3D打印用于高保真图像复制捕捉纹理、光谱颜色、光泽和透明3D打印可以利用多种材料的精细交错，以实现使用其他技术无法制造的对象的制造。具体地说，由多材料添加剂制造实现的一个新的研究领域是制造具有期望的外观特性的物体。该项目将开发纹理、光谱颜色、光泽和半透明的超高保真复制技术。虽然消费级打印机通常使用4种墨水颜色，但我们的系统将使用10种不同的墨水，以便准确地复制光谱中的颜色，包括处于可见度边缘的区域。使用这些3D打印机不仅可以再现颜色，还可以再现光泽、半透明和精细的细节，如画笔笔触。我们这项工作的试验台是绘画艺术形象。这一领域带来的技术挑战将推动高保真复制的最新水平，并立即使文化遗产保护工作受益。艺术品在陈列很长一段时间后，自然会受到光线和空气的破坏或退化。这些文化瑰宝的超高质量复制品可以在许多应用中取代原件，包括修复实践、音乐研究、博物馆教育和家庭娱乐。与波士顿和普林斯顿当地博物馆的合作将使策展人和普通公众能够进行强有力的接触。项目成果将产生更广泛的影响，通过3D打印实现准确的外观再现，以支持快速成型和最终用户产品制造的广泛应用。为了实现这些目标，该项目将研究几种关键方法和技术。首先，存在如何使用先进的摄像系统来捕捉原始画作的属性的问题。这包括测量绘画上每个点折射的光的全光谱，以及表面的光泽或不透明程度。此外，它还涉及使用高分辨率3D扫描仪来测量刷子或其他工具在表面留下的细微凹凸。该项目的第二个组成部分是表征多材料3D打印机的全部功能，并将测量的墨水特性纳入计算机模拟，以准确预测打印结果的外观。该项目的最后部分是进行计算机优化，以确定应该使用的打印材料的确切类型、数量和浓度，以及如何调整打印过程以实现最大的复制质量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

CHS: Small: Collaborative Research: 3D Printing for High Fidelity Image Reproduction Capturing Texture, Spectral Color, Gloss, and Translucency3D printing can exploit fine-scale interleaving of multiple materials to enable fabrication of objects that have not been possible to make with other technologies. In particular, a novel research area enabled by multi-material additive manufacturing is the fabrication of objects with desired appearance properties. This project will develop technology for ultra-high fidelity reproduction of texture, spectral color, gloss, and translucency. While consumer-grade printers typically use 4 ink colors, our system will employ 10 different inks in order to accurately reproduce color across the spectrum, including regions that are at the edge of visibility. The use of these 3D printers will enable not just the reproduction of color, but also the recreation of gloss, translucency, and fine-scale detail such as brush strokes. Our testbed for this work is painted fine art images. This domain provides technical challenges that will push the state of the art for high-fidelity reproduction in general, as well as immediately benefiting cultural heritage preservation efforts. Fine art objects are inherently subject to degradation or damage from light and air when on display for long periods of time. Ultra-high quality facsimiles of these cultural treasures can be exploited in place of the originals in many applications, including restoration practice, conservatory studies, education in museums, and enjoyment at home. Collaboration with local museums in Boston and Princeton will enable strong outreach with curators and the general public. Project outcomes will have additional broad impact by enabling accurate appearance reproduction with 3D printing in support of a wide range of applications in rapid prototyping and the manufacture of end-user products.To achieve these goals, the project will investigate several key methods and technologies. First, there is the question of how to use advanced camera systems to capture the properties of the original paintings. This involves measuring the full spectrum of light refracted by each point on the painting, as well as how shiny or opaque the surface is. Moreover, it involves the use of high-resolution 3D scanners to measure the fine bumps on the surface left by brushes or other tools. A second component of the project is to characterize the full capabilities of multi-material 3D printers, and to incorporate the measured ink properties into computer simulations that can predict exactly how the print-outs will look. The final components of the project are to perform computer optimization to determine the exact type, number, and concentration of printing materials that should be used, and how the printing process should be tweaked to achieve maximum reproduction quality.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.