Workshop on Sound Change 5: Sound Changes in Endangered or Small Speech Communities; June 20-22, 2019; Davis, CA

语言的变化是不可避免的和持续的：所有的口语都随着时间的推移在其细粒度的语音模式和单词的音义映射中进化。语音变化的研究对于理解言语交际的心理表征和认知机制具有重要意义。声音变化研讨会将于2019年6月20日至22日在加州大学戴维斯分校举行。会议将汇集来自不同背景和学科的研究人员，他们将进行对话，整合他们的观点和见解，并在该领域遗留的问题上取得实质性进展。会议中出现的潜在合作和研究可能会对社会、认知和语言因素提供新的见解，当一种语言的声音模式随时间变化时，这些因素会起作用。因为不是所有的语言社区都是平等的，社区的组成和规模的差异可能会影响语言中声音变化的方式。为此，研讨会将以濒危和小型语言社区的声音变化为主题。语音变化研究，就像大多数语音学和音韵学研究一样，主要集中在历史上占主导地位的语言或说话者容易接近的语言上。语言濒危的动态和小群体说话者之间的互动可能为声音变化的发生提供了独特的机会。小的语言社区与大的社区相比，有不同的社会因素在起作用，导致语音和认知影响在代理较少的情况下以不同的方式相互作用和扩散。在不同规模的语言群体中，声音变化是如何产生和扩散的，人们知之甚少。此外，濒临灭绝的语言和小语种往往受到其他语言和文化的严重影响，使声音更有可能发生变化。为了建立有用的模型和预测声音变化何时以及如何发生，我们需要在不同的语言群体中探索这些模式。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Language change is inevitable and constant: all spoken languages evolve over time in their fine-grained speech patterns and the sound-to-meaning mapping of words. The study of sound change is important for understanding the mental representations and cognitive mechanisms underlying speech communication. The Workshop on Sound Change will take place at the University of California at Davis, June 20-22, 2019. The meeting will bring together researchers working on sound change who come from a variety of different backgrounds and disciplines to have conversations, integrate their perspectives and insights, and make substantive progress on questions the remain in the field. Potential collaborations and research that emerge from the meeting may offer new insights into the social, cognitive, and linguistic factors at work when a language's sound patterns change over time. As not all speech communities are equal, and the consequences for differences in the make-up and size of a community could impact how sound change occurs in a language. To this end, the workshop will feature a special theme on sound change in endangered and small speech communities. Sound change research, as in most work in phonetics and phonology, has focused on languages that have historically been dominant or where speakers are easily accessible. The dynamics of language endangerment and interaction between small groups of speakers may provide unique opportunities for sound change to take place. Small speech communities have different social factors at work than large communities, leading to the phonetic and cognitive influences to interact and diffuse in different ways when there are fewer agents. How sound change might originate and diffuse in speech communities of different sizes is poorly understood. Furthermore, endangered and small languages are often heavily influenced by other languages and cultures, making sound change more likely. In order to make useful models and predictions about when and how sound change will occur, we need to explore these patterns in diverse speech communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.