Collaborative Proposal: Developmental Mechanisms of African American Ethnic and Racial Identity During the Transition to Adulthood

合作提案：向成年过渡期间非裔美国人民族和种族身份的发展机制

• 批准号: 1823963
• 负责人: Enrique Neblett
• 金额: $ 28.77万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823963&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Developmental; Mechanisms; African

This project will examine the multifaceted ways in which African American ethnic identity and racial identity (ERI) - the personal significance and meaning of race and ethnicity to an individual - shapes the association between racial discrimination experiences and biopsychosocial development during the transition to adulthood. Specific aims of the study are to investigate whether ERI mitigates or worsens the association between racial discrimination and development as well as identify mechanisms by which ERI influences development during the transition to adulthood. This project will improve understanding of how ERI operates and the role social context plays in the associations between racial discrimination and development. The project will also address theoretical debates about the presumed positive impact of ERI. Developmental outcomes during the transition to adulthood will be assessed using questionnaires and physiological stress reactivity tests. Broader impacts are significant, because findings can be used to improve the social and psychological well-being of vulnerable youth. Moreover, findings can potentially support and further evidence-based prevention-intervention efforts aimed at fostering positive youth development.Racial discrimination constitutes a significant risk to the healthy development of African American youth during the transition to adulthood. Some evidence suggests that ERI protects against the harmful effects of racial discrimination, but there have been few systematic attempts to disentangle mixed findings. Participants will be African American young adults attending a southeastern, predominantly White institution and a mid-Atlantic historically Black college/university. Students will complete a series of questionnaires assessing key study variables followed by two laboratory challenges, once a year, for three consecutive years. Autonomic reactivity (as indexed by cardiovascular psychophysiology) will be assessed during the laboratory challenges. The central questions of the study are whether the protective or vulnerability function of ERI is influenced by the social context in which the youth are embedded and whether the impact of ERI on biopsychosocial development can be explained by coping skills, self-esteem, and perceptions of racial discrimination. Key hypotheses are: 1) ERI will act as a vulnerability factor in the link between racial discrimination and development in contexts with lower levels of diversity; 2) Initial levels of racial discrimination will lead to changes in ERI, which, in turn, will be associated with changes in development; and 3) Racism appraisals and coping will explain the association between ERI and changes in development during the transition to adulthood. Hypotheses will be tested using latent growth curve modeling. These results will be used to inform recommendations for the development of a contextually-tailored pilot ERI intervention.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将研究非洲裔美国人的民族身份和种族身份（ERI）的多方面的方式-个人的意义和种族和民族对个人的意义-塑造种族歧视的经验和生物心理社会发展之间的关联在过渡到成年。研究的具体目的是调查ERI是否减轻或消除种族歧视与发展之间的联系，以及确定ERI影响成年过渡期间发展的机制。这一项目将增进对种族歧视研究所如何运作以及社会背景在种族歧视与发展之间的联系中所起作用的理解。该项目还将解决关于环境影响倡议假定的积极影响的理论辩论。 将使用问卷调查和生理应激反应测试评估向成年过渡期间的发育结果。更广泛的影响是重要的，因为研究结果可用于改善弱势青年的社会和心理福祉。此外，研究结果可以潜在地支持和进一步的循证预防干预努力，旨在促进积极的青年发展。种族歧视构成了一个重大风险，以健康发展的非洲裔美国青年在过渡到成年。一些证据表明，平等权利倡议保护人们免受种族歧视的有害影响，但很少有系统的尝试来理清好坏参半的结论。参加者将是非洲裔美国年轻人参加东南部，主要是白色机构和大西洋中部历史上的黑人学院/大学。学生将完成一系列问卷调查，评估关键研究变量，然后进行两次实验室挑战，每年一次，连续三年。将在实验室激发期间评估自主神经反应性（根据心血管心理生理学指标）。这项研究的核心问题是，ERI的保护或脆弱性功能是否受到青年所处的社会背景的影响，以及ERI对生物心理社会发展的影响是否可以通过应对技能、自尊和种族歧视的看法来解释。关键假设是：（1）在多样性水平较低的情况下，对外关系影响将成为种族歧视与发展之间联系的一个脆弱因素;（2）种族歧视的初始水平将导致对外关系影响的变化，而这种变化又将与发展的变化相关联;（3）种族主义评估和应对将解释对外关系影响与向成年过渡期间的发展变化之间的联系。将使用潜在生长曲线模型对假设进行检验。这些结果将被用于为开发一个因地制宜的试点ERI干预提供建议。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。