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Research: Understanding Ambiguity in Engineering Problem Solving

研究：理解工程问题解决中的歧义

基本信息

批准号：
1824610
负责人：
David Therriault
金额：
$ 24.94万
依托单位：
University of Florida
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-15 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1824610&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Research Understanding Ambiguity Engineering Problem

项目摘要

The grand challenges of the 21st century will be difficult to solve. Problems such as access to water and affordable healthcare have no simple solutions. Solving these problems will require engineers who are comfortable with ambiguity. Surprisingly, ambiguity has not been defined in the area of engineering problem solving. Lack of a definition makes it more difficult to teach students how to solve ambiguous problems. This project's goal is to identify different types of ambiguity in engineering. It will then be possible to determine how engineering knowledge relates to different ambiguity types. In turn, we can create new educational approaches that will prepare students to solve the grand challenges of the future.The goal of this project is to develop knowledge about how novice and expert problem solvers experience ambiguity. The results are being used to create a taxonomy of ambiguity. This taxonomy will guide researchers in future studies on how to teach students to solve ambiguous problems. The research question for this study is: What are the qualitatively different ways that novice and expert civil engineers experience ambiguity? The project uses phenomenography in combination with artifact elicitation interviews. Categories of ambiguity are being identified for novices (students) and experts (practicing engineers) in civil engineering. The result is a description of how ambiguity is experienced by these two groups when they have been engaged in solving engineering problems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

世纪的重大挑战将难以解决。诸如获得水和负担得起的医疗保健等问题没有简单的解决办法。解决这些问题需要工程师能够适应模糊性。令人惊讶的是，模糊性在工程问题解决领域还没有定义。缺乏定义会使教学生如何解决模棱两可的问题变得更加困难。该项目的目标是识别工程中不同类型的模糊性。然后，将有可能确定工程知识如何与不同的歧义类型相关。反过来，我们可以创造新的教育方法，使学生为解决未来的重大挑战做好准备。这个项目的目标是开发关于新手和专家解决问题的经验模糊的知识。这些结果被用来创建一个模糊性的分类。这种分类法将指导研究人员在未来的研究如何教学生解决模棱两可的问题。本研究的研究问题是：新手和专家土木工程师的经验模糊性的质的不同的方式是什么？该项目使用现象学与人工制品启发访谈相结合。模糊性的类别正在确定为新手（学生）和专家（执业工程师）在土木工程。其结果是描述了这两个群体在解决工程问题时所经历的模糊性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。