Ecology and biogeochemical impacts of DNA and RNA viruses throughout the global oceans

DNA 和 RNA 病毒对全球海洋的生态和生物地球化学影响

基本信息

批准号：
1829831
负责人：
Matthew Sullivan
金额：
$ 105.29万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-15 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829831&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Ecology biogeochemical impacts DNA RNA

项目摘要

In the oceans, microbial life sits at the base of the food chain, but microbes also control the flow of nutrients and energy. While our knowledge of microbial impacts on the oceans is rapidly advancing, we remain far behind in studying the impact of viruses. Decades of experiments and global surveys that have focused on common ocean viruses (double-stranded DNA viruses) suggest that they kill many cells, change the genes that cells encode in their genomes, and reprogram how cells function during infection. This project seeks to create a metabolic map of the global oceans and quantify which of these microbial processes common viruses manipulate. Further, this project will expand to other types of viruses (RNA viruses) that are less well studied, as well as advance our knowledge of both DNA and RNA viruses with respect to global patterns and distributions to assess viral activity. Such analyses are critical to better understand how viruses of all types alter microbial processes and thereby drive nutrient cycling in the oceans. Beyond the science, this project will train two postdocs, a graduate student and five undergraduate students, as well as conduct outreach through Columbus-area seminars and lecture series and provide a training workshop for researchers in each years 1 and 3. Microbial metabolisms alter nutrients and energy flow in ways that impact global ocean biogeochemistry, but associated viruses modulate these metabolic impacts through mortality, horizontal gene transfer and metabolic reprogramming. The latter impact is particularly understudied due to being a largely manual process, though early data hints that it likely impacts photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism, and nitrogen and sulfur cycling. Further, though eukaryotes are likely most commonly infected by RNA viruses and RNA viruses are thought to represent about half of viral particles in seawater, very little information on RNA virus diversity or ecology exists. Finally, particles are not the ?active? form of viruses, which begs for the development of new approaches to assess activity using the newly-available reference genomes against expression (e.g., metatranscriptomic) datasets. This project seeks to leverage extensive organismal, physical, and chemical datasets from the global Tara Oceans expedition to (i) advance from surveying dsDNA viral biodiversity towards inferring their metabolic impacts and active infection ecology, and (ii) build a parallel RNA virus biodiversity inventory from which to establish foundational ecological understanding of drivers and community structure. Scientifically, these efforts will evaluate more than a dozen hypotheses and establish countless more hypotheses about viral roles in marine microbial ecology and biogeochemistry. The project will train two postdocs, a graduate student and five undergraduate students, some through engagement with international Tara Oceans Consortium meetings, as well as provide public outreach through classroom and seminar visits at a Columbus area school (~240 students), a local chapter of the MIT Alumni club, an OSU Center for RNA Biology ?Science Sundays? lecture series, and seminars and interactive activities with Canada?s indigenous people. A viromics training workshop will be held in each years 1 and 3 to maximize research community involvement and engagement.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在海洋中，微生物生命位于食物链的底部，但微生物还控制了养分和能量的流动。尽管我们对微生物对海洋的影响的了解正在迅速发展，但我们在研究病毒的影响方面仍然远远落后。几十年的实验和全球调查集中在普通的海洋病毒（双链DNA病毒）上表明它们杀死许多细胞，改变细胞在其基因组中的基因，并在感染过程中重新编程细胞的功能。该项目旨在创建全球海洋的代谢图，并量化这些微生物过程中的哪种常见病毒操纵。此外，该项目将扩展到研究较少的其他类型的病毒（RNA病毒），并促进我们对全球模式和分布的DNA病毒的了解，以评估病毒活性。这样的分析对于更好地了解所有类型的病毒如何改变微生物过程，从而驱动海洋中的营养循环至关重要。除了科学之外，该项目还将培训两个博士后，一名研究生和五名本科生，并通过哥伦布地区的研讨会和讲座进行宣传，并为每年1年和3年的研究人员提供培训研讨会。微生物代谢的养分和能量流动，以影响全球海洋生物质量的养分来改变营养和能量流动，从而改变了养分，并将其与基因构成元素相关联。重新编程。由于早期数据暗示它可能影响光合作用，中央碳代谢以及氮和硫循环，因此后一种影响尤其被研究了。此外，尽管真核生物可能最常见于RNA病毒感染，而RNA病毒被认为代表了海水中约一半的病毒颗粒，但有关RNA病毒多样性或生态学的信息很少。最后，粒子不是？活跃吗？病毒的形式，它是为了开发新方法来使用针对表达（例如metatranscriptomic）数据集评估活动的新方法。该项目旨在利用从全球塔拉海洋探险中到（i）从测量DSDNA病毒生物多样性到推断其代谢影响和主动感染生态学的广泛有机物，物理和化学数据集，以及（ii）建立对驾驶员和社区结构的基础生态学理解。从科学上讲，这些努力将评估十几个假设，并在海洋微生物生态学和生物地球化学中建立更多关于病毒作用的假设。该项目将培训两个博士后，一名研究生和五名本科生，有些通过与国际塔拉海洋联盟会议互动，并通过课堂和研讨会在哥伦布地区学校（约240名学生）（约240名学生），MIT ALUMNI俱乐部的当地分会，OSU RNA Biologology？Science？科学？讲座系列以及与加拿大土著人民的研讨会和互动活动。病毒学培训研讨会将在每年1岁和3年举行，以最大程度地提高研究社区的参与和参与。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（19）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Gene Expression Changes and Community Turnover Differentially Shape the Global Ocean Metatranscriptome

DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.014
发表时间：
2019-11-14
期刊：
CELL
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Salazar, Guillem;Paoli, Lucas;Wincker, Patrick
通讯作者：
Wincker, Patrick

Global Trends in Marine Plankton Diversity across Kingdoms of Life

DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.008
发表时间：
2019-11-14
期刊：
CELL
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Ibarbalz, Federico M.;Henry, Nicolas;Zinger, Lucie
通讯作者：
Zinger, Lucie

Genome‐resolved viral ecology in a marine oxygen minimum zone

基因组解析了海洋最低氧气区的病毒生态学

DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.15313
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Environmental Microbiology
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Vik, Dean;Gazitúa, Maria Consuelo;Sun, Christine L.;Zayed, Ahmed A.;Aldunate, Montserrat;Mulholland, Margaret R.;Ulloa, Osvaldo;Sullivan, Matthew B.
通讯作者：
Sullivan, Matthew B.

Diversity and ecological footprint of Global Ocean RNA viruses

DOI：
10.1126/science.abn6358
发表时间：
2022-06-10
期刊：
SCIENCE
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Dominguez-Huerta, Guillermo;Zayed, Ahmed A.;Sullivan, Matthew B.
通讯作者：
Sullivan, Matthew B.

Future Ocean Observations to Connect Climate, Fisheries and Marine Ecosystems

未来海洋观测将气候、渔业和海洋生态系统联系起来

DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2019.00550
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Frontiers in Marine Science
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Schmidt, Jörn O.;Bograd, Steven J.;Arrizabalaga, Haritz;Azevedo, José L.;Barbeaux, Steven J.;Barth, John A.;Boyer, Tim;Brodie, Stephanie;Cárdenas, Juan José;Cross, Scott
通讯作者：
Cross, Scott