Experimental assessment of the long-term ecological and evolutionary consequences of engineered nanoparticles

工程纳米颗粒长期生态和进化后果的实验评估

• 批准号: 1833988
• 负责人: Lin Jiang
• 金额: $ 32.25万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1833988&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; assessment; long; term; ecological

Nanomaterials are materials with at least one critical dimension below 100 nm. Engineered nanomaterials, which constitute the building blocks of modern nanotechnology, are those engineered and manufactured by humans. Many engineered nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanowires, display novel physical and chemical properties that are desirable for applications within the medical, industrial, commercial, and environmental sectors. As a result, a large number of commercial products using nanotechnology have been on the market, with thousands of tons of nanomaterials being produced each year. However, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, there is a greater risk for people and environment to be exposed to more nanotechnology-based products. Indeed, nanomaterials are known to enter the environment through both intentional and unintentional releases. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the environmental impacts of nanomaterials is needed. However, much of the research on the environmental impacts of nanomaterials has focused on the responses of individual organisms or species after short-term exposure (from a few hours to a few days) to nanomaterials. There is little knowledge on how ecological communities, in which organisms interact with individuals of the same and other species, respond to engineered nanomaterials on longer timescales. It is imperative to fill this knowledge gap so that we can avoid potentially serious environmental consequences. In recognition of this pressing issue, this project, led by Lin Jiang and Yongsheng Chen of Georgia Institute of Technology, will investigate the long-term ecological and evolutionary consequences of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles, a type of metal oxide nanoparticle with various industrial applications. The findings of this project will contribute to a more complete understanding of the effects of engineered nanomaterials on the natural ecosystem. The project will also provide high-quality research training for graduate and undergraduate students, including those from underrepresented groups. Building on their previous work on the molecular, cellular, and species-level responses to engineered nanoparticles, the research team will use freshwater bacteria and protozoans as model organisms to evaluate the novel hypothesis that nanoparticles influence the strength of interactions between species, often more strongly than their non-nanoparticle counterparts, with ensuing consequences for population dynamics, community assembly, and biodiversity evolution. This project will fill a significant gap in our knowledge by applying ecological principles to understanding the effects of nanoparticles on species interactions and associated consequences. The proposed research will advance knowledge in four specific areas. First, it will address potential dynamical consequences of nanoparticles by studying their impacts on predator-prey interactions and population dynamics. Second, it will explore the likelihood that nanoparticles alter outcomes of competition by changing species relative competitive ability. Third, it will test the idea that nanoparticles may influence community assembly through modifying interactions between earlier and later colonizing species. Fourth, it will extend nanotoxicity investigations to the evolutionary timescale by investigating nanoparticle impacts on adaptive radiation. Consequently, the proposed research marries nanotoxicology with population biology and community ecology, contributing to the further development of nanotoxicology as an emerging discipline.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

纳米材料是至少低于100 nm的临界维度的材料。构成现代纳米技术的基础的工程纳米材料是由人类设计和制造的纳米材料。许多工程的纳米材料，包括纳米颗粒，纳米管和纳米线，都显示出新颖的物理和化学特性，这些特性对于医疗，工业，商业和环境领域的应用都是可取的。结果，大量使用纳米技术的商业产品已经上市，每年都会生产数千吨纳米材料。但是，随着纳米技术的迅速发展，人们和环境可能会暴露于更多基于纳米技术的产品的风险。实际上，已知纳米材料通过故意和无意的发行来进入环境。因此，需要全面了解纳米材料的环境影响。然而，关于纳米材料的环境影响的许多研究都集中在短期暴露（从几个小时到几天）对纳米材料后的单个生物或物种的反应上。关于生物体与同一物种和其他物种的个体相互作用的生态群落如何应对更长的时间尺度上的工程纳米材料的知识很少。必须填补这一知识差距，以避免潜在的严重环境后果。为了意识到这一紧迫问题，该项目由佐治亚理工学院的林江和杨申（Yongsheng Chen）领导，将研究氧化岩岩（CEO2）纳米颗粒的长期生态和进化后果，这是一种具有各种工业应用的金属氧化物纳米颗粒。该项目的发现将有助于更完整地了解工程纳米材料对自然生态系统的影响。该项目还将为研究生和本科生提供高质量的研究培训，包括来自代表性不足的小组的研究生。在他们先前在分子，细胞和物种水平对工程纳米颗粒的反应的基础上，研究小组将使用淡水细菌和原生动物作为模型生物来评估纳米粒子的新假设，即纳米颗粒会影响物种之间的相互作用的强度，通常比非纳米属性的竞争者更强烈，而不是他们的非纳米属性竞争，而不是其非纳米属性的竞争，而不是他们的分配，而构成了进来，并导致了社区的动态和动态。该项目将通过应用生态原理来了解纳米颗粒对物种相互作用和相关后果的影响，从而填补我们的知识的重大空白。拟议的研究将在四个特定领域提高知识。首先，它将通过研究其对捕食者 - 捕获捕食者相互作用和种群动态的影响来解决纳米颗粒的潜在动态后果。其次，它将探索纳米颗粒通过改变物种相对竞争能力改变竞争结果的可能性。第三，它将测试纳米颗粒可能通过修改早期和后期殖民物种之间的相互作用来影响社区组装的想法。第四，它将通过研究纳米颗粒对自适应辐射的影响，将纳米毒性研究扩展到进化时间尺度。因此，拟议的研究将纳米毒理学与种群生物学和社区生态学结合，为纳米毒理学的进一步发展做出了贡献，作为新兴学科。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的审查审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Different assembly mechanisms of leaf epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities underlie their higher diversity in more diverse forests

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14084
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Journal of Ecology
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Xian Yang;Pandeng Wang;B. Xiao;Qianna Xu;Q. Guo;Shaopeng Li;Lulu Guo;M. Deng;Jianbo Lu;Lingli Liu;K. Ma;B. Schmid;Lin Jiang

Prevention of algaculture contamination using pesticides for biofuel production

使用农药生产生物燃料来预防藻类养殖污染

• DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101975
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Algal Research
• 作者: Van Ginkel, Steven W.;El-Sayed, Waleed M.M.;Johnston, Rachel;Narode, Asmita;Lee, Hwa Jong;Bhargava, Aditya;Snell, Terry;Chen, Yongsheng
• 通讯作者: Chen, Yongsheng

Experimental demonstration of the importance of keystone communities for maintaining metacommunity biodiversity and ecosystem functioning

实验证明关键群落对于维持元群落生物多样性和生态系统功能的重要性

• DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04693-x
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Oecologia
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Yang, Xian;Tan, Jiaqi;Sun, Kevin Harry;Jiang, Lin
• 通讯作者: Jiang, Lin

Warming alters plant phylogenetic and functional community structure

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13448
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: Journal of Ecology
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Juntao Zhu;Yang-jian Zhang;Xian Yang;Ning Chen;Shaopeng Li;Pandeng Wang;Lin Jiang

Effects of Grazing, Wind Erosion, and Dust Deposition on Plant Community Composition and Structure in a Temperate Steppe

• DOI: 10.1007/s10021-020-00526-3
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: Ecosystems
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Mengmei Zheng;Jian Song;Jingyi Ru;Zhenxing Zhou;Mingxing Zhong;Lin Jiang;D. Hui;S. Wan