权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Contraction of the life cycle and the Evolution and Diversification of cave beetles

洞穴甲虫生命周期的缩短以及进化和多样化

基本信息

批准号：
235059256
负责人：
Dr. Arnaud Faille, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Entomologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/235059256?language=en
关键词：
Contraction life cycle Evolution Diversification

项目摘要

Holometabolous insects represent more than 50% of the species in the animal kingdom. Their four main orders are Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera. Holometabolous insects are characterized by a peculiar life cycle including a larva radically differing from the adult in terms of ecology and morphoplogy. Holometabolous insects also have a pupa, thus complete metamorphosis. The complete metamorphosis is supposedly the main reason of the unequalled evolutionary success of the group. Presence of larval stages is then arguably an evolutionary key innovation fuelling lineage diversification. However, in few extreme cases, this strategy does not seem to be optimal and alternative strategies emerged, for example in some lineages that colonize the subterranean environment. There are some species where larval life is so strongly abbreviated that the hatched, non-feeding larva pupates immediately.Here we suggest to use highly diverse ground beetles (Carabidae: Trechini) and a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic framework to study the links between contraction of larval cycle and evolutionary success in hypogean environments. Our main research questions are: Where does a contracted life cycle occur? Are clades with contracted life cycle significantly more diverse than clades with normal larval development and does a strongly derived ontogeny therefore represent a launching pad or key innovation for diversification in certain clades of underground beetles?

全变态昆虫占动物界物种的 50% 以上。它们的四个主要目是鞘翅目、膜翅目、双翅目和鳞翅目。全变态昆虫的特点是具有独特的生命周期，包括在生态学和形态学方面与成虫截然不同的幼虫。全变态昆虫也有蛹，因此完全变态。完全变态被认为是该群体无与伦比的进化成功的主要原因。幼虫阶段的存在可以说是促进谱系多样化的进化关键创新。然而，在少数极端情况下，这种策略似乎并不是最佳策略，并且出现了替代策略，例如在一些定居于地下环境的谱系中。有些物种的幼虫寿命非常短，以至于孵化出来的、不摄食的幼虫立即化蛹。在这里，我们建议使用高度多样化的地面甲虫（步甲科：Trechini）和全面的分子系统发育框架来研究幼虫周期缩短与地下环境中进化成功之间的联系。我们的主要研究问题是：契约生命周期发生在哪里？具有收缩生命周期的进化枝是否比具有正常幼虫发育的进化枝更加多样化，因此，强烈衍生的个体发育是否代表地下甲虫某些进化枝多样化的发射台或关键创新？