RoL: FELS: RAISE: Collaborative Research: Watershed Rules of Life

RoL：FELS：RAISE：合作研究：生命规则的分水岭

• 批准号: 1840243
• 负责人: Peter Raymond
• 金额: $ 90万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1840243&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RoL; FELS; RAISE; Collaborative; Research

Rivers are the circulatory systems of the continents, delivering land-derived water, pollutants and elements to the ocean. They are also sites with unique organisms, food webs, and microbial communities that can transform these materials during transport to the ocean. Microbes are the engines for these transformations, with considerable capacity to remove or alter important elements (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, mercury, arsenic), produce greenhouse gasses, and support food webs. However, due to large changes in water flow from day to day, and the big differences in the types of streams and rivers across the landscape, understanding how riverine microbes impact the chemistry of rivers is difficult. This project will research a set of "Watershed Rules of Life" that govern the establishment of riverine water column microbial communities that are critical to understanding rivers as circulatory systems. The researchers have proposed a set of hypotheses that adds microbial ecology into the scaffolding of hydrology and geomorphology in order to research these Watershed Rules of Life. The hypothesis will be tested by field work and modeling in a diverse set of watersheds throughout the United States. The knowledge gained by these studies will allow for a broader understanding of rivers in both the U.S. and other temperate regions of the world. The investigators will interact with the Yale New Haven Promise Internship program, which provides internships for students from New Haven interested in STEM. Professor Raymond will also interact with students at the Crested Butte Community School. This project will train graduate and undergraduate students at UMass, OSU and Yale. Findings will be incorporated into courses taught by the investigators. The researchers will target the emergent property of microbial functional trait distributions across the physical templates of watersheds and in response to hydrologic variability. The project will sample the Connecticut, Deschutes, Gunnison and Willamette watersheds, which are similar in size but differ in climate and geomorphology. Within each watershed, sampling will focus on streams of different sizes, the impact of reservoirs and hydrologic variability. The proposed research will develop mathematical expressions that relate multiple indices for the development and activity of planktonic microbial communities to stream order, stream hydraulics (e.g., velocity and depth), flow variability, and temperature. These indices will be based on metagenomics for genomic diversity, metatranscriptomics for gene expression, and microbial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing for phylogenetic diversity in riverine samples. Microbial indices will be compared to modeled estimates of the time scale for water column microbial community development (i.e., residence time) and microbial transformation rates (e.g., denitrification). It is hypothesized that geomorphology (e.g., depth, velocity), discharge variability, and temperature are the main determinants of when and where distinct planktonic microbial riverine communities emerge in the water column of river networks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

河流是大陆的循环系统，将陆地衍生的水，污染物和元素运送到海洋中。 它们也是具有独特生物，食物网和微生物群落的地点，可以在运输到海洋期间转换这些材料。 微生物是这些转换的发动机，具有显着去除或改变重要元素的能力（例如碳，氮，磷，汞，砷），产生温室气体和支持食品网。但是，由于每天的水流变化很大，并且在整个景观中的溪流和河流的类型上存在很大的差异，因此很难了解河流微生物如何影响河流的化学。 该项目将研究一组“流域生命规则”，该项目管理河流水柱微生物群落的建立对于将河流理解为循环系统至关重要。 研究人员提出了一系列假设，将微生物生态学添加到水文学和地貌学的脚手架中，以研究这些流域的生命规则。 该假设将通过现场工作和建模在美国各地的各种流域进行检验。 这些研究获得的知识将使对美国和世界其他温带地区的河流有更广泛的了解。 调查人员将与耶鲁纽黑文承诺实习计划互动，该计划为来自纽黑文的学生提供了对STEM感兴趣的学生的实习。雷蒙德教授还将与冠峰社区学校的学生互动。该项目将在UMass，OSU和耶鲁大学培训毕业生和本科生。调查结果将纳入调查人员教授的课程中。研究人员将针对在流域的物理模板上以及响应水文变异性的微生物功能性状分布的新兴特性。 该项目将品尝康涅狄格州，Deschutes，Gunnison和Willamette流域，它们的大小相似，但气候和地貌不同。 在每个流域中，采样将集中在不同大小的流，储层的影响和水文变异性上。拟议的研究将开发数学表达式，这些表达式将浮游微生物群落的开发和活性相关联，以流序，流液压（例如，速度和深度），流量变异性和温度。 这些指数将基于用于基因组多样性的宏基因组学，用于基因表达的元文字和微生物16S rRNA基因扩增子测序，用于河流样品中的系统发育多样性。 将将微生物指数与对水柱微生物群落开发（即停留时间）和微生物转化率（例如硝化剂）的建模估计值进行比较。 据推测，地貌学（例如，深度，速度），放电性变异性和温度是何时何地的主要决定因素，在河流网络的水柱中出现了不同的浮游生物微生物河流社区。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，反映了通过评估基金会的评估和广泛的范围，并通过评估了cr cr cr and crarit和宽阔的影响。

项目成果

River network travel time is correlated with dissolved organic matter composition in rivers of the contiguous United States

• DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14124
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Hydrological Processes
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: J. Hosen;G. Allen;Giuseppe Amatuli;Sara E. Breitmeyer;M. Cohen;B. Crump;Yuehan Lu;J. Payet;Brett A. Poulin;A. Stubbins;B. Yoon;P. Raymond

Contributions of Fe(III) to UV–Vis absorbance in river water: a case study on the Connecticut River and argument for the systematic tandem measurement of Fe(III) and CDOM

• DOI: 10.1007/s10533-022-00937-5
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Biogeochemistry
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: L. Logozzo;Joseph W. Martin;J. McArthur;P. Raymond

Does Photomineralization of Dissolved Organics Matter in Temperate Rivers?

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jg006402
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: T. Maavara;L. Logozzo;A. Stubbins;K. Aho;C. Brinkerhoff;J. Hosen;P. Raymond

Remotely Sensing River Greenhouse Gas Exchange Velocity Using the SWOT Satellite

利用 SWOT 卫星遥感河流温室气体交换速度

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gb007419
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Brinkerhoff, Craig B.;Gleason, Colin J.;Zappa, Christopher J.;Raymond, Peter A.;Harlan, Merritt E.
• 通讯作者: Harlan, Merritt E.

Reconciling at‐a‐Station and at‐Many‐Stations Hydraulic Geometry Through River‐Wide Geomorphology

• DOI: 10.1029/2019gl084529
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: C. Brinkerhoff;C. Gleason;D. W. Ostendorf