RoL: FELS: RAISE: Collaborative Research: Watershed Rules of Life

RoL：FELS：RAISE：合作研究：生命规则的分水岭

• 批准号: 1840243
• 负责人: Peter Raymond
• 金额: $ 90万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1840243&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RoL; FELS; RAISE; Collaborative; Research

Rivers are the circulatory systems of the continents, delivering land-derived water, pollutants and elements to the ocean. They are also sites with unique organisms, food webs, and microbial communities that can transform these materials during transport to the ocean. Microbes are the engines for these transformations, with considerable capacity to remove or alter important elements (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, mercury, arsenic), produce greenhouse gasses, and support food webs. However, due to large changes in water flow from day to day, and the big differences in the types of streams and rivers across the landscape, understanding how riverine microbes impact the chemistry of rivers is difficult. This project will research a set of "Watershed Rules of Life" that govern the establishment of riverine water column microbial communities that are critical to understanding rivers as circulatory systems. The researchers have proposed a set of hypotheses that adds microbial ecology into the scaffolding of hydrology and geomorphology in order to research these Watershed Rules of Life. The hypothesis will be tested by field work and modeling in a diverse set of watersheds throughout the United States. The knowledge gained by these studies will allow for a broader understanding of rivers in both the U.S. and other temperate regions of the world. The investigators will interact with the Yale New Haven Promise Internship program, which provides internships for students from New Haven interested in STEM. Professor Raymond will also interact with students at the Crested Butte Community School. This project will train graduate and undergraduate students at UMass, OSU and Yale. Findings will be incorporated into courses taught by the investigators. The researchers will target the emergent property of microbial functional trait distributions across the physical templates of watersheds and in response to hydrologic variability. The project will sample the Connecticut, Deschutes, Gunnison and Willamette watersheds, which are similar in size but differ in climate and geomorphology. Within each watershed, sampling will focus on streams of different sizes, the impact of reservoirs and hydrologic variability. The proposed research will develop mathematical expressions that relate multiple indices for the development and activity of planktonic microbial communities to stream order, stream hydraulics (e.g., velocity and depth), flow variability, and temperature. These indices will be based on metagenomics for genomic diversity, metatranscriptomics for gene expression, and microbial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing for phylogenetic diversity in riverine samples. Microbial indices will be compared to modeled estimates of the time scale for water column microbial community development (i.e., residence time) and microbial transformation rates (e.g., denitrification). It is hypothesized that geomorphology (e.g., depth, velocity), discharge variability, and temperature are the main determinants of when and where distinct planktonic microbial riverine communities emerge in the water column of river networks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

河流是大陆的循环系统，将陆地产生的水、污染物和元素输送到海洋。 它们也是独特的生物体，食物网和微生物群落的所在地，这些生物体，食物网和微生物群落可以在运输到海洋的过程中转化这些材料。 微生物是这些转化的引擎，具有相当大的去除或改变重要元素的能力（例如，碳、氮、磷、汞、砷），产生温室气体，并支持食物网。然而，由于水流每天变化很大，以及景观中溪流和河流类型的巨大差异，很难理解河流微生物如何影响河流的化学性质。 该项目将研究一套“流域生命规则”，这些规则管理着河流水柱微生物群落的建立，这些微生物群落对于理解河流作为循环系统至关重要。 研究人员提出了一系列假设，将微生物生态学加入水文学和地貌学的框架中，以研究这些生命的流域规则。 这一假设将通过在美国各地不同流域的实地工作和建模进行检验。 这些研究所获得的知识将使人们对美国和世界其他温带地区的河流有更广泛的了解。 调查人员将与耶鲁纽黑文承诺实习计划互动，该计划为纽黑文对STEM感兴趣的学生提供实习机会。教授雷蒙德还将与学生互动在冠山社区学校。该项目将培训麻省大学、俄勒冈州立大学和耶鲁大学的研究生和本科生。调查结果将纳入调查人员讲授的课程。研究人员将针对整个流域的物理模板和水文变异的微生物功能性状分布的新兴特性。 该项目将对康涅狄格州、德舒特、甘尼森和威拉米特流域进行采样，这些流域面积相似，但气候和地貌不同。 在每个流域内，取样将侧重于不同大小的溪流、水库的影响和水文变化。拟议的研究将开发数学表达式，将浮游微生物群落的发育和活动的多个指数与河流秩序、河流水力学（例如，速度和深度）、流动变化和温度。 这些指数将基于基因组多样性的宏基因组学，基因表达的元转录组学，以及河流样本中系统发育多样性的微生物16S rRNA基因扩增子测序。 将微生物指数与水柱微生物群落发展的时间尺度的模型估计值进行比较（即，停留时间）和微生物转化率（例如，脱氮作用）。 据推测，地貌（例如，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

River network travel time is correlated with dissolved organic matter composition in rivers of the contiguous United States

• DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14124
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Hydrological Processes
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: J. Hosen;G. Allen;Giuseppe Amatuli;Sara E. Breitmeyer;M. Cohen;B. Crump;Yuehan Lu;J. Payet;Brett A. Poulin;A. Stubbins;B. Yoon;P. Raymond

Contributions of Fe(III) to UV–Vis absorbance in river water: a case study on the Connecticut River and argument for the systematic tandem measurement of Fe(III) and CDOM

• DOI: 10.1007/s10533-022-00937-5
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Biogeochemistry
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: L. Logozzo;Joseph W. Martin;J. McArthur;P. Raymond

Does Photomineralization of Dissolved Organics Matter in Temperate Rivers?

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jg006402
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: T. Maavara;L. Logozzo;A. Stubbins;K. Aho;C. Brinkerhoff;J. Hosen;P. Raymond

Nontarget Chemical Composition of Surface Waters May Reflect Ecosystem Processes More than Discrete Source Contributions

地表水的非目标化学成分可能比离散源的贡献更能反映生态系统过程

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08540
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Shi, Cheng;Mahadwar, Gouri;Dávila-Santiago, Emmanuel;Bambakidis, Ted;Crump, Byron C.;Jones, Gerrad D.
• 通讯作者: Jones, Gerrad D.

Remotely Sensing River Greenhouse Gas Exchange Velocity Using the SWOT Satellite

利用 SWOT 卫星遥感河流温室气体交换速度

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gb007419
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Brinkerhoff, Craig B.;Gleason, Colin J.;Zappa, Christopher J.;Raymond, Peter A.;Harlan, Merritt E.
• 通讯作者: Harlan, Merritt E.