RAPID: Trajectories of Social Vulnerability among Houston Area Households: A Pre- and Post-event Study of Hurricane Harvey

2017年8月25日，飓风哈维袭击德克萨斯州休斯敦大都市区，造成前所未有的破坏。截至2017年9月4日，估计数显示，超过15.6万所房屋被毁，至少60人死亡。初步损失估计表明，影响很可能超过1000亿美元，使哈维成为美国历史上损失最大的灾难。该项目调查了影响飓风哈维引发的洪水经历、影响和休斯顿地区家庭短期恢复的潜在因素。该项目利用了飓风哈维之前从休斯顿地区有代表性的家庭样本中收集的关于其易受飓风和洪水影响的基线数据，并涉及快速收集这些家庭在哈维飓风后的调查数据。通过澄清事件前因素如何影响家庭在飓风哈维期间和之后的短期恢复，该项目为社区脆弱性与复原力的决定因素提供了新的见解。正如飓风哈维所证明的那样，人们的决策在社区建成环境在遭受极端事件时的脆弱性中发挥着关键作用。通过收集和检验同一样本家庭的事前和事后调查数据，本研究项目加深了我们对潜在的社会脆弱性在大规模灾难期间和之后社区恢复和恢复中的作用的认识。本项目的研究目标是收集哈维飓风后休斯敦的数据，以进一步了解社会脆弱性如何在洪水经历、影响和短期恢复中表现出来。该项目利用2012年从休斯顿地区随机选择的600户家庭收集的调查数据，重新调查他们飓风哈维引发的洪水经历、影响和短期恢复(2017年10月)。根据更新的联系信息，该项目将收集飓风哈维发生时仍居住在休斯顿地区的家庭的第二波调查数据。在此调查数据的基础上，将使用从2012年和2017年调查中得出的解释变量，使用多元统计模型来预测研究家庭的洪水经历、影响和短期恢复。

Hurricane Harvey hit the Houston, Texas, metropolitan area on 25 August, 2017 and caused unprecedented damage. As of 4 September, 2017, estimates indicate that over 156,000 homes were destroyed and at least 60 people died. Preliminary loss estimates suggest that impacts could well exceed $100 billion, making Harvey the costliest disaster in U.S. history. This project examines underlying factors influencing Hurricane Harvey-induced flood experiences, impacts, and short-term recovery across Houston area households. The project leverages baseline data collected before Hurricane Harvey from a representative sample of Houston area households regarding their vulnerability to hurricanes and flooding, and involves the rapid collection of post-Harvey survey data from those same households. By clarifying how pre-event factors shape households' experiences, impacts, and short-term recovery during and immediately following Hurricane Harvey, the project provides new insights into determinants of community vulnerability versus resilience. As was demonstrated during Hurricane Harvey, people's decision making plays a critical role in the vulnerability of a communities' built environment when subjected to extreme events. Through the collection and examination of a pre- and post-event survey data from the same sample of households, this research project advances our knowledge of the role of underlying social vulnerability in community resilience and recovery during and immediately following large-scale disasters.The research objective of this project is to collect data in Houston following Hurricane Harvey to further our understanding of how social vulnerability manifests in flood experiences, impacts, and short-term recovery. The project leverages survey data collected from 600 randomly selected Houston area households in 2012, and involves re-surveying them regarding their Hurricane Harvey-induced flood experiences, impacts, and short-term recovery (in October 2017). Based on updated contact information, the project will collect a second wave of survey data from households still residing in the Houston area at the time of Hurricane Harvey. With this survey data, multivariate statistical models will be used to predict flood experiences, impacts, and short-term recovery across study households using explanatory variables derived from the 2012 and 2017 surveys.