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Neurobehavioral mechanisms linking childhood social disadvantage with substance use trajectories in adolescence and adulthood

将儿童社会劣势与青春期和成年物质使用轨迹联系起来的神经行为机制

基本信息

批准号：
10507112
负责人：
Sylia Wilson
金额：
$ 33.96万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-07-01 至 2027-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10507112
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affect Alcohols Attenuated Brain COVID-19 pandemic Cannabis Child Childhood Communities Data Analyses Data Set Development Discrimination Disease Distal Economic Factors Economics Emotional Etiology Exposure to Family Family Research Financial Hardship Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Genetic Growth Health Household Income Individual Inequality Informal Social Control Intervention Life Link Longitudinal cohort study Measurable Measures Mediating Mediation Minnesota Modeling Neurocognitive Nicotine Occupations Outcome Participant Perception Performance Population Poverty Prevention Preventive Process Public Health Research Research Design Resources Rewards Risk Risk Factors Sampling Social status Socioeconomic Status Structure Substance Use Disorder Testing Time Twin Multiple Birth United States addiction brain circuitry cognitive control cognitive development cohort coronavirus disease cost effective deprivation disadvantaged background early childhood ethnic minority experience genome wide association study indexing minority children multimodality neurobehavioral polygenic risk score preadolescence prospective protective effect racial and ethnic reward processing social social disadvantage social exclusion social factors social inequality socioeconomic disadvantage socioeconomics stressor substance misuse substance use

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Substance use is a major public health concern that disproportionately affects individuals from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. We propose the mechanistic hypothesis that childhood socioeconomic disadvantage and other aspects of social inequality leads to neurobehavioral deviations, measurable in brain structure/functioning and neurocognitive performance, that increases vulnerability to problematic substance use. Critically, the vast majority of research has been cross-sectional and relied upon small, underpowered samples of middle/upper-class White participants. In this secondary data analysis proposal, we leverage existing datasets from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research (MCTFR), population-representative samples prospectively assessed at multiple time points during adolescence (ABCD) and from adolescence into adulthood (MCTFR). Multimodal and comparable structural/functional MRI assessments in both the ABCD and MCTFR cohorts allow us to develop and validate a processing pipeline for generating polyneuro risk scores indexing self-regulation abilities using whole-brain association studies (BWAS). Longitudinal and comprehensive assessments in both the ABCD and MCTFR cohorts allow us to examine whether these polyneuro risk scores mediate associations between childhood socioeconomic disadvantage and substance use trajectories in adolescence and adulthood, and assessments in both the ABCD and MCTFR cohorts, including family and community resources, household income, educational attainment, occupation, discrimination, and COVID-related stressors, allow us to examine whether more proximal experiences of social inequality in adolescence and adulthood affect substance use trajectories beyond effects of childhood socioeconomic disadvantage. The racially/ethnically representative ABCD cohort allows us to further examine whether socioeconomic status shows smaller effects for racial/ethnic minority children than White children—the marginalization-related diminished returns phenomenon. Finally, the unique twin family samples in both the ABCD and MCTFR cohorts allow co-twin control analyses that control for shared familial confounders, permitting stronger causal inference than possible in samples of singletons. Understanding effects of socioeconomic disadvantage and other aspects of social inequality on substance use trajectories is more important now than ever, given rising income inequality in the United States and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which disproportionately affects individuals and families from socioeconomically disadvantaged and racial/ethnic minority backgrounds. Identifying individuals and families at the greatest risk for problematic substance use trajectories, and, critically, identifying the social and economic factors that potentially confer causal risk, will inform the development of the most targeted, and therefore most efficient, cost-effective, and efficacious, prevention and intervention efforts possible for substance misuse and use disorder.

项目总结