INFEWS/T2: Improving crop yield and soil salinity by cost-effective integration of microbial community, hydrology, desalination, and renewable power

INFEWS/T2：通过经济高效地整合微生物群落、水文、海水淡化和可再生能源来提高作物产量和土壤盐分

• 批准号: 1856052
• 负责人: Miguel Acevedo
• 金额: $ 249.93万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1856052&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: INFEWS; T2; Improving; crop; yield

This project contributes new solutions to the problem of high salinity in agricultural soil and irrigation water that affect food production in water-limited areas of the western United States and in other countries. Major project goals are to increase crop yields in areas with high salinity soils by improving irrigation water quality through desalination powered by renewable energy, restoring soil fertility, and reducing fertilizer applications through regeneration of the soil microbial community. In addition to reducing fossil fuel use, the proposed system will increase soil fertility and soil carbon retention, thereby decreasing carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and reducing the use of energy to produce fertilizers. Socio-economic analyses will evaluate potential adoption of the technologies as well as estimate long-term benefits on food and energy security, soil and water quality, and atmospheric carbon reductions. The project offers opportunities for students of various disciplines to work together on a challenging problem, thus preparing them for diverse professional positions. Results will be demonstrated for agricultural communities in the New Mexico and Colorado study areas to help increase producer understanding and adoption of the newly-developed technologies and practices.The overall project goal is to improve crop yields in areas with excess soil and water salinity by using high-quality irrigation water produced by solar-powered desalination and to enhance soil microbial communities. The project seeks long-term improvements of soil, reductions in atmospheric CO2, and increases in surface and ground water quality. The research will evaluate costs and benefits of improving crop yields while reducing carbon-based energy usage, improving the soil microbiome and irrigation water, reducing use of fertilizers and associated energy requirements, increasing soil carbon sequestration, and improving aquifer water quality. The project will develop off-grid brackish water desalination facilities and use desalinized water in agronomic experiments in two contrasting areas in the western United States. These areas are the Tularosa basin in New Mexico where water is brackish and the Lower Arkansas River Valley in Colorado where there are increased salinization problems that reducedcrop yields. A systems approach will be used to integrate food production with desalination and renewable energy. This approach includes: 1) Off-grid brackish water desalination pilots; 2) Multi-year agricultural trials; 3) Hydrological and crop models; 4) Assessment of impacts on atmospheric CO2; 5) Cyberinfrastructure for real-time monitoring of field trials; and 6) Socio-economic analyses to assess potential adoption technologies and implications for guiding policy. The project will lead to increased understanding of the soil microbiome and its influence on crop yield and to new developments in cyberinfrastructure for this type of integrated systems research. While none of the individual food, energy, and water components provide a complete solution, their integration has the potential to considerably increase food security and environmental quality, particularly in water-limited areas of the United States.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目为农业土壤和灌溉用水中影响美国西部和其他国家水资源有限地区粮食生产的高盐度问题提供了新的解决办法。项目的主要目标是通过可再生能源驱动的海水淡化改善灌溉水质，恢复土壤肥力，并通过土壤微生物群落的再生减少化肥的使用，从而提高高盐度土壤地区的作物产量。除了减少化石燃料的使用外，拟议的系统将增加土壤肥力和土壤碳保持力，从而减少向大气排放的二氧化碳，并减少生产肥料的能源使用。社会经济分析将评估采用这些技术的可能性，并估计对粮食和能源安全、土壤和水质以及大气碳减少的长期效益。该项目为不同学科的学生提供机会，共同解决一个具有挑战性的问题，从而为他们担任不同的专业职位做好准备。研究结果将在新墨西哥州和科罗拉多研究区的农业社区进行展示，以帮助生产者了解和采用新开发的技术和实践。项目的总体目标是通过使用太阳能脱盐产生的高质量灌溉水来提高土壤和水盐碱化过度地区的作物产量，并提高土壤微生物群落。该项目旨在长期改善土壤，减少大气中的二氧化碳，并提高地表水和地下水的质量。该研究将评估提高作物产量的成本和效益，同时减少碳基能源的使用，改善土壤微生物组和灌溉用水，减少肥料的使用和相关的能源需求，增加土壤碳固存，并改善含水层水质。该项目将开发离网微咸水淡化设施，并在美国西部两个对比鲜明的地区将淡化水用于农学实验。这些地区是新墨西哥州的图拉罗萨盆地，那里的水是咸的，还有科罗拉多的下阿肯色州河谷，那里的盐碱化问题越来越严重，降低了作物产量。将采用一种系统办法，将粮食生产与海水淡化和可再生能源结合起来。这一办法包括：1）离网微咸水淡化试点; 2）多年农业试验; 3）水文和作物模型; 4）评估对大气CO2的影响; 5）实时监测田间试验的网络基础设施;以及6）社会经济分析，以评估潜在的采用技术和指导政策的影响。该项目将提高人们对土壤微生物组及其对作物产量的影响的认识，并为这类综合系统研究的网络基础设施带来新的发展。虽然没有一个单独的食品，能源和水的组成部分提供了一个完整的解决方案，他们的整合有可能大大提高粮食安全和环境质量，特别是在美国的水资源有限的地区。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

项目成果

Wireless soil moisture sensor networks for agriculture

农业无线土壤湿度传感器网络

• DOI: 10.1109/werc49736.2020.9146500
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Waste-management Education Research (WERC
• 作者: Gurung, Sanjaya;Thakur, Siddharth;Smithers, Breana;Acevedo, Miguel
• 通讯作者: Acevedo, Miguel