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Collaborative Research: RoL: Rapid Evolution of Reproductive Isolation via Hybrid Seed Lethality in Mimulus

合作研究：RoL：通过混合种子致死率实现生殖隔离的快速进化

基本信息

批准号：
1856223
负责人：
Robert Franks
金额：
$ 63.34万
依托单位：
North Carolina State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-06-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1856223&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research RoL Rapid Evolution

项目摘要

The divergence of living forms into nine million different species depends on lineages becoming reproductively isolated. This reproductive isolation prevents interbreeding, allowing for the emergence of distinct species. This research project makes use of the tremendous species diversity present in the monkey flowers (Mimulus). Comparison of many pairs of species in this group will uncover the genetic changes responsible for and the evolutionary forces at work that generated reproductive isolation. Understanding the interactions between genetic mechanisms and evolutionary processes that lead to species diversification will also contribute to agricultural breeding programs. The project includes efforts to educate grade school and high school students about evolution and the value of species diversity, and train undergraduate and graduate students in evolutionary biology and the molecular genetics of development.This research project focuses on the evolution of F1 hybrid seed inviability, a relatively unstudied but potentially common reproductive barrier in flowering plants. This project integrates phylogenetic, population genetic, developmental, transcriptomic, and genome mapping approaches to systematically address whether hybrid seed failure is a key isolating mechanism driving population and species diversification across the genus Mimulus. The project will test the hypothesis that this form of reproductive isolation evolves rapidly via natural selection generated by parent-offspring conflict in all outbreeding flowering plant species. Such conflict-driven selection is expected to cause divergent evolution of the genetic control of endosperm development in seeds in different lineages via differential genomic imprinting, quickly leading to strong postzygotic isolation regardless of the ecological environments that the species experience. The main goals of this project are to determine the rate of evolution, strength, and importance of hybrid seed inviability in the speciation process across the genus Mimulus; to assess the developmental mechanisms and transcriptomic signatures of hybrid seed inviability, and finally to determine the genetic basis of hybrid seed inviability and the degree of parallelism in the genetic basis of speciation in this genus.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生命形式分化成九百万个不同的物种取决于血统变得生殖隔离。这种生殖隔离阻止了杂交，从而使不同物种的出现成为可能。本研究项目利用了猕猴花（Mimulus）中存在的巨大物种多样性。对这一群体中的许多物种进行比较，将揭示导致生殖隔离的遗传变化和进化力量。了解导致物种多样化的遗传机制和进化过程之间的相互作用也将有助于农业育种计划。该项目包括对小学和高中学生进行关于进化和物种多样性价值的教育，并对本科生和研究生进行进化生物学和发育分子遗传学方面的培训。本研究项目的重点是F1杂交种子无活力的进化，这是开花植物中一个相对未被研究但可能常见的生殖障碍。该项目整合了系统发育、种群遗传、发育、转录组学和基因组图谱方法，系统地研究杂交种子失败是否是驱动Mimulus属种群和物种多样化的关键分离机制。该项目将验证一种假设，即在所有近亲繁殖的开花植物物种中，这种形式的生殖隔离是通过父母-后代冲突产生的自然选择而迅速进化的。这种冲突驱动的选择预计会通过差异基因组印记导致不同谱系中种子胚乳发育遗传控制的分化进化，无论物种所经历的生态环境如何，都会迅速导致强烈的合子后隔离。这个项目的主要目标是确定进化的速度，强度和杂交种子无活力的重要性在整个Mimulus属的物种形成过程；评估杂交种子无活力的发育机制和转录组特征，最终确定杂交种子无活力的遗传基础和该属物种形成遗传基础的平行程度。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。