权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Topological Heat Transport

拓扑热传输

基本信息

批准号：
1902356
负责人：
Dmitri Feldman
金额：
$ 39万
依托单位：
Brown University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-06-01 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1902356&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Topological Heat Transport

项目摘要

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education on topological quantum materials, which are a special class of materials that have been bestowed with exceptionally stable properties. That feature is known as topological protection. Quantum mechanics is responsible for the exceptional properties of topological materials. Consider, for example, electrons, which in reality do not have constituent particles. In certain topological matter, they appear as if they have split into particles, called anyons, which also carry an equally distributed fraction of the original electric charge. These anyons are promising for building the fundamental components of a quantum computer, in which topological protection would help reduce otherwise unavoidable computational errors introduced by the material's interaction with its environment. The PI will develop theoretical approaches for understanding quantum topological materials and their properties. Recent breakthroughs in experiments have uncovered how heat travels through topological matter. A major goal of this project consists of providing a theoretical understanding of quantum heat transport, and also resolving tensions between the existing theoretical framework and the newest experimental data on the behavior of quantum topological matter in two dimensions.The research will advance fundamental understanding of topological matter and quantum transport, both of which are directions of crucial importance for quantum science and technology that have become a national priority. Through research and education opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students, which include collaborations with leading experimentalists, students under the award will be trained to eventually join the future workforce in modern quantum science and technology.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education on topological quantum materials with a focus on heat transport and the related physics of neutral modes. The non-Abelian fractional statistics of anyons in topological matter may find significant applications in quantum information storage and processing. The understanding of non-Abelian statistics and many other phenomena in topological matter requires experimental access to neutral excitations, which comes from thermal transport experiments. The first research direction is motivated by recent experimental developments and aims at achieving theoretical understanding of thermal equilibration and transport on the edges of quantum Hall liquids, including the effects of upstream neutral modes. The closely related second direction addresses poorly understood quantum Hall states in the second Landau level in GaAs and related systems. The observation of half-integer quantized thermal conductance at filling factor 5/2 strongly supports the existence of non-Abelian anyons in the second Landau level. Yet, many open problems remain, including an apparent conflict between the existing experimental results and numerics. The research builds upon recent experimental results and the breakthrough work by Son on the relation of 2D electron gases and topological insulators. The objective is to reconcile the theory of the 5/2 state with experiments. A third research direction focuses on newly developed topological systems with neutral modes but without charged modes. The methods employed will include a combination of analytical and numerical tools. The research will advance fundamental knowledge of topological matter and quantum transport, both of which are directions of crucial importance for quantum science and technology that have become a national priority. Through research and education opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students, which include collaborations with leading experimentalists, students under the award will be trained to eventually join the future workforce in modern quantum science and technology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持拓扑量子材料的理论研究和教育，拓扑量子材料是一类特殊的材料，被赋予了异常稳定的性质。这种特征被称为拓扑保护。量子力学是拓扑材料的特殊性质的原因。以电子为例，它实际上并没有组成粒子。在某些拓扑物质中，它们看起来好像已经分裂成粒子，称为任意子，它们也携带着原始电荷的均匀分布的部分。这些任意子有望用于构建量子计算机的基本组件，在量子计算机中，拓扑保护将有助于减少由于材料与环境相互作用而引入的不可避免的计算错误。PI将开发理解量子拓扑材料及其性质的理论方法。最近的实验突破揭示了热如何在拓扑物质中传播。该项目的主要目标是提供对量子热输运的理论理解，并解决现有理论框架与量子拓扑物质在二维行为的最新实验数据之间的紧张关系。这项研究将促进对拓扑物质和量子输运的基本理解，这两个方向对量子科学和技术至关重要，已经成为国家优先考虑的方向。通过研究生和本科生的研究和教育机会，包括与领先的实验家合作，该奖项的学生将接受培训，最终加入现代量子科学和技术的未来劳动力。该奖项支持拓扑量子材料的理论研究和教育，重点是热传输和中性模式的相关物理学。拓扑物质中任意子的非阿贝尔分数统计量在量子信息存储和处理中有重要的应用。要理解拓扑物质中的非阿贝尔统计和许多其他现象，需要通过热输运实验获得中性激励。第一个研究方向是由最近的实验发展推动的，旨在从理论上理解量子霍尔液体边缘的热平衡和输运，包括上游中性模式的影响。密切相关的第二方向解决了GaAs和相关系统中第二朗道能级中鲜为人知的量子霍尔态。在填充因子5/2处的半整数量子化热导率的观测结果有力地支持了非阿贝尔任意子在第二朗道能级上的存在。然而，许多尚未解决的问题仍然存在，包括现有实验结果和数值之间的明显冲突。这项研究建立在最近的实验结果和Son对二维电子气体和拓扑绝缘体关系的突破性工作的基础上。目标是调和5/2状态的理论与实验。第三个研究方向是新开发的具有中性模式但没有带电模式的拓扑系统。所采用的方法将包括分析和数值工具的结合。这项研究将推进拓扑物质和量子输运的基础知识，这两个方向对量子科学和技术至关重要，已经成为国家优先考虑的方向。通过研究生和本科生的研究和教育机会，包括与领先的实验家合作，该奖项的学生将接受培训，最终加入现代量子科学和技术的未来劳动力。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。