Hawaii Supernova Flows

夏威夷超新星流

• 批准号: 1911074
• 负责人: Benjamin Shappee
• 金额: $ 55.6万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1911074&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hawaii; Supernova; Flows

Thirty years ago, observations of the cosmic microwave background was found to be slightly hotter in one direction than in the opposite direction. The accepted explanation was that the radiation is doppler shifted by the motion of our Milky Way Galaxy and its companions of 630 km/s. For 30 years, astronomers have sought the sources of attraction that would cause this extreme motion. There must be attractors on scales of a billion light years. The only known methodology to study motions on such large scales is based on the well-defined luminosities of a class of supernovae. Over three years, our program will monitor thousands of such supernovae, determine their distances and, for the first time, map the motions of galaxies in response to the distribution of matter to a distance of a billion light years. This research is part of a quest to understand the nature of dark matter, the mysterious dominant constituent of matter. We cannot comprehend the development of the universe without an understanding of dark matter. This problem is central to current research efforts in physics and cosmology and, ultimately, to societal interest in understanding the universe and our origins. Through videos, interactive models, and virtual reality this knowledge can be made accessible to the public. The work that is described achieves a particular resonance with lay audiences and this program is committed to public outreach.At the University of Hawaii, the means exist to identify a large sample of supernovae within z=0.1 and obtain the requisite supplementary information to determine accurate distances. The two facilities with the best cadences for detecting nearby supernovae and documenting their light curves are ATLAS and ASSAS-SN. A half dozen new SNIa events will be discovered every night. These events must be identified among the large number of other transients. The University of Hawaii 2.24m telescope will be employed to obtain spectra to certify the supernova type and to give a redshift. The 3.8m UKIRT on Maunakea is used to acquire light curve information in the near infrared where the standard candle nature of SNIa is best defined.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

三十年前，对宇宙微波背景的观测发现，一个方向的温度比相反方向的温度稍高。公认的解释是，辐射因银河系及其伴星 630 公里/秒的运动而发生多普勒频移。 30年来，天文学家一直在寻找引起这种极端运动的吸引力来源。十亿光年尺度上必定存在吸引子。研究如此大尺度运动的唯一已知方法是基于一类超新星的明确光度。在三年的时间里，我们的计划将监测数千颗此类超新星，确定它们的距离，并首次绘制星系运动图，以响应十亿光年距离内的物质分布。这项研究是了解暗物质本质的一部分，暗物质是物质的神秘主要成分。如果不了解暗物质，我们就无法理解宇宙的发展。这个问题是当前物理学和宇宙学研究工作的核心，并最终关系到社会对理解宇宙和我们起源的兴趣。 通过视频、交互式模型和虚拟现实，这些知识可以向公众开放。 所描述的工作在非专业观众中引起了特殊的共鸣，并且该计划致力于公众宣传。在夏威夷大学，存在识别 z=0.1 内的大量超新星样本并获取必要的补充信息以确定准确距离的方法。 ATLAS 和 ASSAS-SN 是探测附近超新星并记录其光变曲线的最佳节奏的两个设施。每晚都会发现六个新的 SNIa 事件。必须在大量其他瞬变事件中识别出这些事件。夏威夷大学 2.24m 望远镜将用于获取光谱以证明超新星类型并给出红移。莫纳克亚山的 3.8m UKIRT 用于获取近红外光曲线信息，其中 SNIa 的标准蜡烛性质得到了最好的定义。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。