Revealing Supernova Progenitors with Las Cumbres Observatory

拉斯昆布雷斯天文台揭示超新星前身

• 批准号: 1911225
• 负责人: Dale Howell
• 金额: $ 56.72万
• 依托单位: Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1911225&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Revealing; Supernova; Progenitors; Las; Cumbres

A team of researchers working at the Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO) will leverage the observing capability of this network of telescopes to probe several new frontiers of research in explosive astrophysical transient objects. The research team will: (1) obtain the first well-observed sample of mysterious and recently discovered Fast Rising Luminous Transients; (2) develop the first large sample of a certain type of exploding star or supernova (Type Ia) for which the nature of the pre-explosion progenitor is inferred from observations of the explosion ejecta being shocked by hitting a companion star, and (3) study late-stage stellar mass loss from the progenitors of a different type of supernova, called a core-collapse supernova. The LCO consists of a network of 22 robotic telescopes spaced around the globe, which are capable of rapid initial observations followed by continuing SNe observations for hundreds of days. This project will help to fund the Global Supernova Project, which pools discoveries from every major local universe supernova search program, screens hundreds of potential candidates, and triggers prompt and long-term monitoring of the most interesting targets across the electromagnetic spectrum. The research project will also foster education by giving students in the LCO schools program opportunities to observe SNe with the network, obtain real science data, and learn from provided curricula. The investigators will engage in public outreach including public talks, radio, TV, print, and YouTube appearances and interviews. Finally, supporting a successful public-private partnership through the LCO should encourage more private funding of astronomy.The observing program has an aim of answering the following questions. (1) What are Fast Rising Luminous Transients? Proposed answers range from the shock breakout of a supernova, a failed blue supergiant supernova, an electron capture supernova, fallback onto a shrouded central engine with jets, the merger of white dwarfs to become a magnetar, and the tidal disruption of a star by an intermediate mass black hole. Are these more than 80 poorly observed transients (only AT2018cow has been well observed) even the same phenomena? (2) Are there two classes of SN Ia progenitors as is currently thought? For the single compact object progenitors, what is the distribution of inferred companion radii? Do these SNe share traits in terms of host galaxy properties, line velocities, composition, or subtype, which would allow us to separate them into a new class or identify them by other means? (3) What fraction of supernovae have flash ionized features from circumstellar material lost by the progenitor in the weeks before the SN and how does this correlate with the luminosity function and other properties? What are the radii and structure of core-collapse progenitors as determined from shock cooling?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

拉斯昆布雷斯天文台（LCO）的一组研究人员将利用该望远镜网络的观测能力来探索爆炸性天体物理瞬态物体研究的几个新领域。研究小组将：（1）获得第一个经过仔细观察的神秘且最近发现的快速上升发光瞬变样本； (2) 开发某种类型爆炸恒星或超新星（Ia 型）的第一个大样本，其爆炸前祖星的性质是通过对撞击伴星而受到冲击的爆炸喷射物的观察来推断的，以及 (3) 研究不同类型超新星（称为核心塌缩超新星）的祖星的后期恒星质量损失。 LCO 由分布在全球各地的 22 个机器人望远镜网络组成，能够快速进行初始观测，然后持续进行数百天的超新星观测。该项目将有助于资助全球超新星项目，该项目汇集了每个主要本地宇宙超新星搜索计划的发现，筛选数百个潜在候选者，并触发对电磁频谱中最有趣目标的及时和长期监测。 该研究项目还将通过为 LCO 学校项目的学生提供通过网络观察超新星、获取真实科学数据并从提供的课程中学习的机会来促进教育。调查人员将进行公共宣传，包括公开演讲、广播、电视、印刷品和 YouTube 露面和采访。 最后，通过 LCO 支持成功的公私伙伴关系应该鼓励更多的私人资助天文学。观测计划的目的是回答以下问题。 (1) 什么是快速上升发光瞬变？ 提出的答案包括超新星的冲击爆发、失败的蓝超巨星超新星、电子捕获超新星、后退到带喷流的中央引擎、白矮星合并成为磁星，以及中等质量黑洞对恒星的潮汐破坏。这80多个观察不良的瞬变（只有AT2018cow被很好地观察到）甚至是相同的现象吗？ (2) SN Ia 祖细胞是否如目前认为的那样存在两类？ 对于单个紧凑天体祖先，推断的伴星半径的分布是什么？这些超新星在宿主星系特性、线速度、成分或亚型方面是否具有共同特征，这将使我们能够将它们分成一个新的类别或通过其他方式识别它们？ (3) 超新星的哪一部分具有来自超新星前几周内由祖细胞丢失的星周物质的闪电离特征，这与光度函数和其他特性有何关联？通过急速冷却确定的核心塌陷前体的半径和结构是多少？该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Over 500 Days in the Life of the Photosphere of the Type Iax Supernova SN 2014dt

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acd558
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Y. Camacho-Neves;S. Jha;B. Barna;M. Dai;A. Filippenko;R. Foley;G. Hosseinzadeh;D. Howell

A new measurement of the Hubble constant using Type Ia supernovae calibrated with surface brightness fluctuations

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039196
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: N. Khetan;L. Izzo;M. Branchesi;R. Wojtak;M. Cantiello;C. Murugeshan;A. Agnello;E. Cappellaro

SN 2019ehk: A Double-peaked Ca-rich Transient with Luminous X-Ray Emission and Shock-ionized Spectral Features

SN 2019ehk：具有发光 X 射线发射和冲击电离光谱特征的双峰富钙瞬变

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab9e66
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Astrophysical Journal
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Jacobson-Galan Wynn V.;Margutti Raffaella;Kilpatrick Charles D.;Hiramatsu Daichi;Perets Hagai;Khatami David;Foley Ryan J.;Raymond John;Yoon Sung-Chul;Bobrick Alexey;Zenati Yossef;Galbany Lluis;Andrews Jennifer;Brown Peter J.;Cartier Regis;Coppejans Deanne
• 通讯作者: Coppejans Deanne

Constraining the Source of the High-velocity Ejecta in Type Ia SN 2019ein

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab8e3f
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: C. Pellegrino;D. Howell;S. Sarbadhicary;J. Burke;D. Hiramatsu;C. McCully;P. Milne;J. Andrews;P. Brown;L. Chomiuk;E. Hsiao;D. Sand;M. Shahbandeh;N. Smith;S. Valenti;J. Vink'o;J. Wheeler;S. Wyatt;Y. Yang

Nebular-phase spectra of Type Ia supernovae from the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Supernova Project

拉斯昆布雷斯天文台全球超新星项目的 Ia 型超新星星云相光谱

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac192
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Graham, M. L.;Kennedy, T. D.;Kumar, S.;Amaro, R. C.;Sand, D. J.;Jha, S. W.;Galbany, L.;Vinko, J.;Wheeler, J. C.;Hsiao, E. Y.
• 通讯作者: Hsiao, E. Y.