OPUS: MCS - Developing a mechanistic understanding of decomposition of organic matter in frozen soil

OPUS：MCS - 发展对冻土中有机物分解的机制理解

• 批准号: 1911532
• 负责人: Susan Natali
• 金额: $ 17.09万
• 依托单位: Woodwell Climate Research Center, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1911532&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OPUS; MCS; Developing; mechanistic; understanding

During the winter season, soil microbes can remain active, even in frozen soils. It has been shown that soil microbes can continue to live and function over the winter. The activities of these microbes can be important for ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling. But, it is not known exactly what microbes are doing in frozen soils over the winter. This project will advance understanding of winter processes by developing a model to understand microbial activity in frozen tundra soils. This project will also provide a mid-career scientist with an opportunity to gain new research capabilities in ecosystem modeling. The project builds on a rich history of field studies of carbon cycling in the Arctic. The project will have substantial educational impact, through integration with an undergraduate research program, thereby strengthening the scientific community.This project will explore the mechanisms that drive seasonal patterns of soil respiration. The central goal is to understand the response of winter respiration to changes in temperature and vegetation. The project will support development of a robust mechanistic model that incorporates cold season processes. The key is to link carbon and nutrient cycling in plants, soils, and microbes. The model will be based on an existing resource acquisition and allocation model. The new work will add new connections between substrate availability and freeze-thaw dynamics. The model will be developed for tundra ecosystems. But the results will be relevant to any seasonally-frozen ecosystem. This project will deepen understanding of ecosystem processes that may be seasonally disconnected but have strong plant-microbial linkages. This project will address fundamental questions in ecosystem ecology about resource acquisition, allocation, and nutrient cycling during the winter.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在冬季，即使在冷冻土壤中，土壤微生物也可以保持活跃。已经表明，土壤微生物可以在整个冬季继续生活和运作。这些微生物的活性对于生态系统碳和营养循环可能很重要。但是，尚不清楚在冬季，微生物在冷冻土壤中正在做什么。该项目将通过开发一个模型来了解冷冻苔原土壤中的微生物活性，从而提高人们对冬季过程的理解。该项目还将为中级科学家提供机会在生态系统建模中获得新的研究能力。该项目基于北极碳循环的田野研究历史。通过与本科研究计划的整合，该项目将产生重大的教育影响，从而加强科学界。该项目将探索驱动土壤呼吸季节性模式的机制。中心目标是了解冬季呼吸对温度和植被变化的反应。该项目将支持开发结合寒冷季节过程的强大机械模型。关键是将碳，土壤和微生物中的碳和养分循环联系起来。该模型将基于现有的资源获取和分配模型。新工作将增加基板可用性和冻结动力学之间的新连接。该模型将用于苔原生态系统。但是结果将与任何季节性冻结的生态系统有关。该项目将加深对可能在季节性断开但具有较强植物微生物连接的生态系统过程的理解。该项目将解决生态系统生态学中有关资源获取，分配和营养循环期间的基本问题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估审查标准来通过评估来获得支持的。