OPUS: MCS - Developing a mechanistic understanding of decomposition of organic matter in frozen soil

OPUS：MCS - 发展对冻土中有机物分解的机制理解

• 批准号: 1911532
• 负责人: Susan Natali
• 金额: $ 17.09万
• 依托单位: Woodwell Climate Research Center, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1911532&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OPUS; MCS; Developing; mechanistic; understanding

During the winter season, soil microbes can remain active, even in frozen soils. It has been shown that soil microbes can continue to live and function over the winter. The activities of these microbes can be important for ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling. But, it is not known exactly what microbes are doing in frozen soils over the winter. This project will advance understanding of winter processes by developing a model to understand microbial activity in frozen tundra soils. This project will also provide a mid-career scientist with an opportunity to gain new research capabilities in ecosystem modeling. The project builds on a rich history of field studies of carbon cycling in the Arctic. The project will have substantial educational impact, through integration with an undergraduate research program, thereby strengthening the scientific community.This project will explore the mechanisms that drive seasonal patterns of soil respiration. The central goal is to understand the response of winter respiration to changes in temperature and vegetation. The project will support development of a robust mechanistic model that incorporates cold season processes. The key is to link carbon and nutrient cycling in plants, soils, and microbes. The model will be based on an existing resource acquisition and allocation model. The new work will add new connections between substrate availability and freeze-thaw dynamics. The model will be developed for tundra ecosystems. But the results will be relevant to any seasonally-frozen ecosystem. This project will deepen understanding of ecosystem processes that may be seasonally disconnected but have strong plant-microbial linkages. This project will address fundamental questions in ecosystem ecology about resource acquisition, allocation, and nutrient cycling during the winter.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在冬季，土壤微生物可以保持活跃，即使在冻土中。研究表明，土壤微生物可以在冬季继续生存和发挥作用。这些微生物的活动对生态系统的碳和营养循环非常重要。但是，目前还不清楚微生物在冬季冻土中的作用。该项目将通过开发一个模型来了解冻土带土壤中的微生物活动，从而促进对冬季过程的了解。该项目还将为职业生涯中期的科学家提供一个获得生态系统建模新研究能力的机会。该项目建立在北极碳循环实地研究的丰富历史基础上。该项目将通过与本科研究项目的整合产生重大的教育影响，从而加强科学界。该项目将探索驱动土壤呼吸季节性模式的机制。中心目标是了解冬季呼吸对温度和植被变化的反应。该项目将支持开发一个强大的机械模型，包括冷季过程。关键是将植物、土壤和微生物中的碳和养分循环联系起来。该模式将以现有的资源获取和分配模式为基础。这项新工作将增加基质可用性和冻融动力学之间的新联系。该模型将为苔原生态系统开发。但结果将与任何季节性冰冻的生态系统有关。该项目将加深对生态系统过程的理解，这些过程可能是季节性断开的，但有很强的植物-微生物联系。该项目将解决生态系统生态学中有关冬季资源获取、分配和营养循环的基本问题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。