WoU-MMA: Research in Strong-Field Gravity and Astrophysics

WoU-MMA：强场重力和天体物理学研究

• 批准号: 1912619
• 负责人: Vasileios Paschalidis
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1912619&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Research; Strong; Field

This award supports research in relativity and relativistic astrophysics and it addresses the priority areas of NSF's "Windows on the Universe" Big Idea. In particular, it involves research on compact binary systems in general relativity and modified gravity by combining theory and multi-messenger observations with gravitational waves. The work will advance our understanding of nuclear physics at densities and that arise in the deep interiors of neutron stars, which cannot be probed by experiments on Earth. New tools will be developed for understanding gravity through a synergy of gravitational wave observations by LIGO, and the anticipated electromagnetic signals that will be detected by ground and space-based telescopes observing from the radio to the hard gamma-ray bands. The group will develop new codes for modeling binary neutron stars and binary black hole-neutron stars with the aid of supercomputers. Such theoretical work is crucial for the successful interpretation of and the extraction of fundamental physics from existing and future observations of compact binary systems. The award will support the training, education and further career development of students in STEM fields, including minorities and women. Neutron stars and black holes are often portrayed in movies and documentaries, and excite the interest and curiosity of the society. For this reason the PI will also train undergraduate students in visualizations of these systems and will develop a website showing scientific animations of these systems based on real physics input. The specific projects designed in the proposed research program have a two-fold goal: a) advance our understanding of strong field, relativistic gravity, nuclear physics and theoretical astrophysics; b) facilitate the detection and physical interpretation of gravitational waves and their possible electromagnetic counterparts. A substantial part of the effort will focus on the investigation of the inspiral and merger of compact binaries (binary neutron stars, binary black hole-neutron stars) and their gravitational wave and electromagnetic signatures. Methods will be developed for utilizing these observable signatures to extract information about fundamental physics, in particular about the nature of gravity and nuclear physics above the nuclear saturation density. More specifically codes that run parallel on supercomputers will be developed that solve the equations of a scalar-tensor theory of gravity with future application to binary black hole-neutron stars in order to develop techniques that test whether there are any scalar-field induced deviations from Einstein gravity, and to test the equivalence principle in this regime for the first time. Techniques and codes will also be developed for probing the unknown thermal part of the equation of state at nuclear densities by using the gravitational wave and electromagnetic signatures from binary neutron star mergers. The proposed studies are extremely timely in light of the recent detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations not only as generated by binary black holes, but also as generated by compact binaries with at least one neutron star. The project will benefit the interpretation and detection of gravitational waves and their electromagnetic counterparts not only by current and upcoming gravitational wave detectors and telescopes, but also by future ones. The proposed research will be accomplished via large-scale supercomputer simulations accompanied by analytic modeling.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持相对论和相对论天体物理学的研究，并解决了NSF“宇宙之窗”大理念的优先领域。特别是，它涉及广义相对论和修正引力中的紧凑双星系统的研究，将理论和多信使观测与引力波相结合。这项工作将促进我们对密度核物理的理解，并出现在中子星的内部深处，这无法通过地球上的实验来探测。将开发新的工具，通过LIGO的引力波观测以及地面和空间望远镜从无线电到硬伽马射线波段观测到的预期电磁信号的协同作用来理解引力。该小组将在超级计算机的帮助下开发新的代码来模拟双中子星和双黑洞中子星。这样的理论工作是至关重要的成功解释和提取的基本物理从现有的和未来的观测紧凑的二元系统。 该奖项将支持STEM领域学生的培训，教育和进一步的职业发展，包括少数民族和妇女。中子星和黑洞经常出现在电影和纪录片中，激发了社会的兴趣和好奇心。出于这个原因，PI也将培训本科生在这些系统的可视化，并将开发一个网站，显示这些系统的科学动画的基础上真实的物理输入。在拟议的研究计划中设计的具体项目有两个目标：a）促进我们对强场，相对论引力，核物理和理论天体物理学的理解; B）促进引力波及其可能的电磁对应物的检测和物理解释。这项工作的很大一部分将集中在研究致密双星（中子双星、黑洞-中子双星）的螺旋和合并及其引力波和电磁特征。将制定方法，利用这些可观察到的签名提取有关基础物理学的信息，特别是关于重力和核饱和密度以上的核物理学的性质。更具体地说，将开发在超级计算机上并行运行的代码，用于求解标量-张量引力理论的方程，并在未来应用于黑洞-中子双星，以开发测试是否存在标量场引起的爱因斯坦引力偏离的技术，并首次测试这种制度下的等效原理。还将开发技术和代码，通过使用来自双中子星星合并的引力波和电磁特征来探测核密度状态方程的未知热部分。 鉴于LIGO和Virgo合作最近探测到的引力波不仅是由双黑洞产生的，而且也是由至少有一颗中子星星的紧凑双星产生的，因此拟议的研究非常及时。该项目将有利于解释和探测引力波及其电磁对应物，不仅是当前和即将到来的引力波探测器和望远镜，而且是未来的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Kicks in charged black hole binaries

带电黑洞双星的踢动

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.084017
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Luna, Raimon;Bozzola, Gabriele;Cardoso, Vitor;Paschalidis, Vasileios;Zilhão, Miguel
• 通讯作者: Zilhão, Miguel

Fate of twin stars on the unstable branch: Implications for the formation of twin stars

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.043014
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: P. Espino;V. Paschalidis

Minidisk Dynamics in Accreting, Spinning Black Hole Binaries: Simulations in Full General Relativity

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abee21
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: V. Paschalidis;J. Bright;M. Ruiz;R. Gold

Does Charge Matter in High-Energy Collisions of Black Holes?

电荷在黑洞高能碰撞中重要吗？

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.071101
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Bozzola, Gabriele

Binary neutron star mergers: Effects of spin and post-merger dynamics

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.124042
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: W. East;V. Paschalidis;F. Pretorius;A. Tsokaros