Nanoscale investigations of water-solid interfaces for filtration applications

用于过滤应用的水-固体界面的纳米级研究

• 批准号: 1914539
• 负责人: Elisa Riedo
• 金额: $ 22.52万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1914539&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanoscale; investigations; water; solid; interfaces

Proposal Number: 1604504, PI: Riedo, E.Title: Nanoscale investigations of water-solid interfaces for filtration applications Widely available clean water is one of the greatest current and future global challenges. Water is essential for life and it is a key-factor in many technological and biological processes. This research, which focuses on interfacial/confined water flow, will have a direct impact not only in separation and water filtration processes but also in understanding lubrication processes, membrane hydration in fuel cells, and the molecular interaction of water with cell membranes and in biological pores. This project will produce fundamental understanding of the nanoscale physics and chemistry of the interface between aqueous solutions and solid surfaces for the purpose of developing new desalinization systems based on nanoporous membranes. A critical knowledge gap in using nanoscale materials, is the understanding of the solid-liquid interactions at the nanoscale, which differ from those of the bulk phase. New models of fluid transport at the nanoscale are expected to emerge from this research. The broader impacts of this project include educational activities, which will take place at the Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), which is a brand new multi-disciplinary center in NYC. Collaborations between the ASRC, CUNY colleges, and Columbia University are at the core of this center, whose goal is to support scholarship and student learning at multiple levels. Membranes and porous materials with pore size in the sub-nanometer scale are important for separation processes, such as water desalination. The project's long-term goal is to generate novel nanoporous membranes based on layered materials such as those based on graphene oxide, graphene, boron nitride, and molybdenum disulfide. The project will combine the use of advanced scanning probe microscopy methods of model aqueous solutions and model nanoporous membranes with molecular dynamics computer simulations to determine how the properties of aqueous solutions, e.g. ion concentration, ion specificity, presence of co-solvents and other solutes, and the complexity of the interfacial surface, e.g. degree of confinement, functional groups, chemistry, heterogeneity, presence of electric fields, influence the structure, ions arrangement, viscosity, viscoelasticity, slip, electro-kinetics, and flow of water/ions solutions at solid/liquid interfaces. All this information will help inform the design of desalination membranes with improved permeability and improved understanding of the impact of membrane surface chemistry and also of adjoining solution chemistry and their rheological properties.

提案号：1604504，PI: Riedo, e .标题：水-固界面过滤应用的纳米级研究广泛使用的清洁水是当前和未来最大的全球性挑战之一。水对生命至关重要，是许多技术和生物过程的关键因素。这项研究的重点是界面/承压水流，它不仅对分离和水过滤过程有直接的影响，而且对理解燃料电池中的润滑过程、膜水合作用以及水与细胞膜和生物孔中的分子相互作用也有直接的影响。该项目将对水溶液和固体表面之间的纳米物理和化学界面产生基本的理解，以开发基于纳米多孔膜的新型脱盐系统。使用纳米材料的一个关键知识缺口是对纳米尺度固液相互作用的理解，这与体相的理解不同。纳米尺度的流体传输的新模型有望从这项研究中出现。这个项目更广泛的影响包括教育活动，这将在高级科学研究中心（ASRC）进行，这是纽约市一个全新的多学科中心。ASRC、纽约市立大学学院和哥伦比亚大学之间的合作是该中心的核心，其目标是在多个层面上支持奖学金和学生学习。亚纳米级孔径的膜和多孔材料在海水淡化等分离过程中具有重要意义。该项目的长期目标是产生基于层状材料的新型纳米多孔膜，如基于氧化石墨烯、石墨烯、氮化硼和二硫化钼的材料。该项目将使用先进的扫描探针显微镜方法来模拟水溶液和模型纳米孔膜，并结合分子动力学计算机模拟来确定水溶液的性质，如离子浓度、离子特异性、共溶剂和其他溶质的存在，以及界面表面的复杂性，如限制程度、官能团、化学、非均质性、电场的存在，如何影响结构。离子排列，粘度，粘弹性，滑移，电动力学，以及水/离子溶液在固/液界面的流动。所有这些信息将有助于提高渗透性的脱盐膜的设计，并提高对膜表面化学影响的理解，以及对相邻溶液化学及其流变性能的理解。