Nanoscale investigations of water-solid interfaces for filtration applications

用于过滤应用的水-固体界面的纳米级研究

• 批准号: 1604504
• 负责人: Elisa Riedo
• 金额: $ 33.3万
• 依托单位: Research Foundation CUNY - Advanced Science Research Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2019-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1604504&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanoscale; investigations; water; solid; interfaces

Proposal Number: 1604504, PI: Riedo, E.Title: Nanoscale investigations of water-solid interfaces for filtration applications Widely available clean water is one of the greatest current and future global challenges. Water is essential for life and it is a key-factor in many technological and biological processes. This research, which focuses on interfacial/confined water flow, will have a direct impact not only in separation and water filtration processes but also in understanding lubrication processes, membrane hydration in fuel cells, and the molecular interaction of water with cell membranes and in biological pores. This project will produce fundamental understanding of the nanoscale physics and chemistry of the interface between aqueous solutions and solid surfaces for the purpose of developing new desalinization systems based on nanoporous membranes. A critical knowledge gap in using nanoscale materials, is the understanding of the solid-liquid interactions at the nanoscale, which differ from those of the bulk phase. New models of fluid transport at the nanoscale are expected to emerge from this research. The broader impacts of this project include educational activities, which will take place at the Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), which is a brand new multi-disciplinary center in NYC. Collaborations between the ASRC, CUNY colleges, and Columbia University are at the core of this center, whose goal is to support scholarship and student learning at multiple levels. Membranes and porous materials with pore size in the sub-nanometer scale are important for separation processes, such as water desalination. The project's long-term goal is to generate novel nanoporous membranes based on layered materials such as those based on graphene oxide, graphene, boron nitride, and molybdenum disulfide. The project will combine the use of advanced scanning probe microscopy methods of model aqueous solutions and model nanoporous membranes with molecular dynamics computer simulations to determine how the properties of aqueous solutions, e.g. ion concentration, ion specificity, presence of co-solvents and other solutes, and the complexity of the interfacial surface, e.g. degree of confinement, functional groups, chemistry, heterogeneity, presence of electric fields, influence the structure, ions arrangement, viscosity, viscoelasticity, slip, electro-kinetics, and flow of water/ions solutions at solid/liquid interfaces. All this information will help inform the design of desalination membranes with improved permeability and improved understanding of the impact of membrane surface chemistry and also of adjoining solution chemistry and their rheological properties.

提案编号：1604504，PI：Riedo，E.标题：过滤应用中水-固体界面的纳米级研究 广泛获得清洁水是当前和未来最大的全球挑战之一。水是生命所必需的，它是许多技术和生物过程的关键因素。这项研究，重点是界面/承压水流动，将有直接的影响，不仅在分离和水过滤过程中，而且在了解润滑过程，膜水合燃料电池，水与细胞膜和生物孔的分子相互作用。该项目将产生水溶液和固体表面之间界面的纳米级物理和化学的基本理解，以开发基于纳米多孔膜的新脱盐系统。使用纳米材料的一个关键知识缺口是对纳米级固液相互作用的理解，这与体相的固液相互作用不同。预计这项研究将产生纳米级流体传输的新模型。该项目更广泛的影响包括教育活动，这些活动将在高级科学研究中心（ASRC）进行，这是纽约市一个全新的多学科中心。ASRC，CUNY学院和哥伦比亚大学之间的合作是该中心的核心，其目标是支持多层次的奖学金和学生学习。具有亚纳米级孔径的膜和多孔材料对于分离过程（例如水脱盐）是重要的。该项目的长期目标是产生基于层状材料的新型纳米多孔膜，例如基于氧化石墨烯、石墨烯、氮化硼和二硫化钼的纳米多孔膜。该项目将联合收割机结合使用先进的扫描探针显微镜方法的模型水溶液和模型纳米多孔膜与分子动力学计算机模拟，以确定如何水溶液的性质，例如离子浓度，离子特异性，存在的共溶剂和其他溶质，以及界面表面的复杂性，例如程度的限制，官能团，化学，异质性，电场的存在影响固/液界面处的水/离子溶液的结构、离子排列、粘度、粘弹性、滑移、电动力学和流动。所有这些信息将有助于通知脱盐膜的设计，提高渗透性和膜表面化学的影响，也邻接的溶液化学和它们的流变性能的更好的理解。