Nanoscale investigations of water-solid interfaces for filtration applications

提案编号：1604504，PI：RIEDO，E.TITLE：过滤应用中水-固界面的纳米级研究广泛使用清洁水是当前和未来最大的全球挑战之一。水是生命所必需的，是许多技术和生物过程中的关键因素。这项专注于界面/承压水流动的研究不仅将对分离和水过滤过程产生直接影响，而且将对理解润滑过程、燃料电池中的膜水化以及水与细胞膜和生物孔中水的分子相互作用产生直接影响。该项目将对水溶液和固体表面之间的界面的纳米级物理和化学产生基本的了解，以开发基于纳米孔膜的新的海水淡化系统。在使用纳米级材料时，一个关键的知识缺口是对纳米级固-液相互作用的理解，这不同于体相。这项研究有望产生新的纳米尺度的流体传输模型。该项目的更广泛影响包括将在高级科学研究中心(ASRC)举行的教育活动，这是纽约市一个全新的多学科中心。ASRC、CUNY学院和哥伦比亚大学之间的合作是该中心的核心，该中心的目标是支持奖学金和学生在多个层次的学习。膜和孔径在亚纳米尺度的多孔材料对于海水淡化等分离过程非常重要。该项目的长期目标是基于层状材料制造新型纳米孔膜，例如基于氧化石墨烯、石墨烯、氮化硼和二硫化钼的材料。该项目将使用先进的模型水溶液和模型纳米孔膜的扫描探针显微镜方法与分子动力学计算机模拟相结合，以确定水溶液的性质(如离子浓度、离子专一性、共溶剂和其他溶质的存在)以及界面表面的复杂性(如限制程度、官能团、化学、异质性、电场的存在)如何影响固/液界面的结构、离子排列、粘度、粘弹性、滑移、电动力学和水/离子溶液的流动。所有这些信息将有助于设计渗透性更好的海水淡化膜，并更好地了解膜表面化学和相邻溶液化学及其流变性的影响。

Proposal Number: 1604504, PI: Riedo, E.Title: Nanoscale investigations of water-solid interfaces for filtration applications Widely available clean water is one of the greatest current and future global challenges. Water is essential for life and it is a key-factor in many technological and biological processes. This research, which focuses on interfacial/confined water flow, will have a direct impact not only in separation and water filtration processes but also in understanding lubrication processes, membrane hydration in fuel cells, and the molecular interaction of water with cell membranes and in biological pores. This project will produce fundamental understanding of the nanoscale physics and chemistry of the interface between aqueous solutions and solid surfaces for the purpose of developing new desalinization systems based on nanoporous membranes. A critical knowledge gap in using nanoscale materials, is the understanding of the solid-liquid interactions at the nanoscale, which differ from those of the bulk phase. New models of fluid transport at the nanoscale are expected to emerge from this research. The broader impacts of this project include educational activities, which will take place at the Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), which is a brand new multi-disciplinary center in NYC. Collaborations between the ASRC, CUNY colleges, and Columbia University are at the core of this center, whose goal is to support scholarship and student learning at multiple levels. Membranes and porous materials with pore size in the sub-nanometer scale are important for separation processes, such as water desalination. The project's long-term goal is to generate novel nanoporous membranes based on layered materials such as those based on graphene oxide, graphene, boron nitride, and molybdenum disulfide. The project will combine the use of advanced scanning probe microscopy methods of model aqueous solutions and model nanoporous membranes with molecular dynamics computer simulations to determine how the properties of aqueous solutions, e.g. ion concentration, ion specificity, presence of co-solvents and other solutes, and the complexity of the interfacial surface, e.g. degree of confinement, functional groups, chemistry, heterogeneity, presence of electric fields, influence the structure, ions arrangement, viscosity, viscoelasticity, slip, electro-kinetics, and flow of water/ions solutions at solid/liquid interfaces. All this information will help inform the design of desalination membranes with improved permeability and improved understanding of the impact of membrane surface chemistry and also of adjoining solution chemistry and their rheological properties.