Homogeneous synthesis and nano-structuring of novel zwitterionic polysaccharid carbamates

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The aim of the project is the synthesis and characterization of novel zwitterionic structures based on the biopolymers cellulose, starch and dextran. Due to the high efficiency and sustainability of ionic liquids, we will focus on homogenous conversions in these reaction media. The aminolysis of polysaccharide carbonates represents a universal synthesis strategy yielding zwitterionic biopolymers. Introduction of oppositely charged groups in the polymer backbone is realized by reactions with functional amines. The structure of the derivatives obtained will be characterized by means of modern methods of polysaccharide analytics (in particular NMR spectroscopy including multidimensional methods, MALDI-TOF, GPC). Beyond the investigation of the polymers, measurements on compounds of comparatively low molecular weight will be carried out in order to study polysaccharide carbonates and their corresponding carbamates in detail. For example, information about substitution patterns can be obtained. Moreover, the formation of supra-molecular architectures of the products depending on external stimuli, e. g. pH value, temperature, and concentration of salt, will be studied. Polymeric layers could be characterized by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and tensiometry. The nanoparticles obtained will be analyzed by a Particle Size Distribution Analyzer (PSDA) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Furthermore, we will conclude on structure-property-relationships. With regard to potential applications in fields of antibioadherent films or carrier systems for proteins the interactions of the nanostructures with living cells is of interest and should be carried out.