A Cultural Growth-Mindset Approach to Interest: Implications for Gender Gaps in Computer Science Participation

文化成长心态的兴趣方法：对计算机科学参与中性别差距的影响

• 批准号: 1919218
• 负责人: Sapna Cheryan
• 金额: $ 117.15万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1919218&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cultural; Growth; Mindset; Approach; Interest

This EHR Core Research award is focused on broadening participation in computer science by investigating whether reframing academic interest as something malleable that must be discovered (i.e., a growth mindset of interest) helps remedy gender gaps in computer science. Despite the overall narrowing of the gender gap in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields, the percentage of women computer science majors has remained less than 20% and has even decreased in recent decades. The near absence of women in computer science is troubling for several reasons. Technology-focused areas are the largest and most important STEM fields in which employment opportunities are growing, and women's exclusion means they are missing out on lucrative and flexible job opportunities. Similarly, computer science is missing out on talented women who would make valuable contributions to the discipline and the technological workforce. The researchers will investigate whether a mindset that does not seem gendered on its surface - the cultural belief that academic interest is fixed - contributes to gender gaps in computer science participation. The research will further examine whether changing educational environments to foster a growth mindset about interest and pairing it with information about a welcoming computer science culture reduces gender gaps in computer science. The findings may suggest relatively simple changes to educational environments, policies and practices that may encourage women to more readily consider computer science as an option.This research will develop and test a theoretical model that examines the idea that students have fixed or growth mindsets not only about intelligence but also about academic interests. To test the theory that a fixed mindset of interest limits girls' and women's participation in computer science, two surveys and three behavioral experiments will be conducted. In Year 1, two surveys will examine whether university, community college, and high school students endorse a fixed mindset of interest, and whether endorsement correlates with girls' and women's lower intentions to pursue computer science. The survey will further examine whether effects of a fixed mindset are prominent among groups that are typically disadvantaged in education (e.g., African American women, Latinas, women and girls from lower SES backgrounds) and how beliefs about the gendered culture in computer science moderate effects. In Year 2, university and community college students will learn either a growth mindset of interest or a control mindset. The research predicts that fostering a growth mindset of interest will increase women's and girls' interest in computer science. In Year 3, a large-scale field experiment will test whether structural changes to college advising meetings increases women's computer science course taking.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

EHR核心研究奖的重点是通过调查是否将学术兴趣重新定义为必须发现的可塑性（即，兴趣的成长心态）有助于弥补计算机科学中的性别差距。尽管科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）领域的性别差距总体上有所缩小，但计算机科学专业的女性比例仍然不到20%，近几十年来甚至有所下降。计算机科学领域几乎没有女性，这令人不安，原因有几个。以技术为重点的领域是就业机会不断增加的最大和最重要的STEM领域，女性被排斥意味着她们错过了利润丰厚和灵活的工作机会。同样，计算机科学也错过了有才华的女性，她们将为该学科和技术劳动力做出宝贵贡献。研究人员将调查表面上似乎不分性别的心态--学术兴趣是固定的文化信念--是否会导致计算机科学参与中的性别差距。该研究将进一步研究改变教育环境以培养兴趣的成长心态，并将其与欢迎计算机科学文化的信息相结合，是否会减少计算机科学中的性别差距。研究结果可能表明，教育环境，政策和实践的相对简单的变化，可能会鼓励妇女更容易考虑计算机科学作为一个选项。这项研究将开发和测试一个理论模型，探讨学生不仅对智力，而且对学术兴趣有固定或增长的心态。为了检验固定的兴趣心态限制女孩和妇女参与计算机科学的理论，将进行两项调查和三项行为实验。在第一年，两项调查将研究大学，社区学院和高中学生是否认可固定的兴趣心态，以及认可是否与女孩和妇女追求计算机科学的意愿较低相关。该调查将进一步研究在教育方面通常处于不利地位的群体（例如，非裔美国妇女、拉丁裔、来自社会经济地位较低背景的妇女和女孩）以及对计算机科学中性别文化的信念如何调节影响。在第二年，大学和社区学院的学生将学习兴趣的成长心态或控制心态。该研究预测，培养兴趣的成长心态将增加妇女和女孩对计算机科学的兴趣。在第三年，一个大规模的实地实验将测试是否结构变化，以大学咨询会议增加妇女的计算机科学课程taking.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Built on Uneven Ground: How Masculine Defaults Disadvantage Women in Political Leadership

建立在不平坦的基础上：男性违约如何使女性在政治领导中处于不利地位

• DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2021.1930776
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Psychological Inquiry
• 影响因子: 9.3
• 作者: Lombard, Ella J.;Azpeitia, Jovani;Cheryan, Sapna
• 通讯作者: Cheryan, Sapna

Beyond biology: The importance of cultural factors in explaining gender disparities in STEM preferences

超越生物学：文化因素在解释 STEM 偏好性别差异方面的重要性

• DOI: 10.1177/0890207020980934
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: European Journal of Personality
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: El-Hout, Mona;Garr-Schultz, Alexandra;Cheryan, Sapna
• 通讯作者: Cheryan, Sapna

The Pandemic as a Portal: Reimagining Psychological Science as Truly Open and Inclusive

大流行作为门户：将心理科学重新想象为真正开放和包容的

• DOI: 10.1177/17456916211036654
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Perspectives on Psychological Science
• 影响因子: 12.6
• 作者: Ledgerwood, Alison;Hudson, Sa-kiera Tiarra;Lewis, Neil A.;Maddox, Keith B.;Pickett, Cynthia L.;Remedios, Jessica D.;Cheryan, Sapna;Diekman, Amanda B.;Dutra, Natalia B.;Goh, Jin X.
• 通讯作者: Goh, Jin X.

Gender equity and motivational readiness for computational thinking in early childhood

幼儿期计算思维的性别平等和动机准备

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Early Childhood Research Quarterly
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Master, A.

Does the follow-your-passions ideology cause greater academic and occupational gender disparities than other cultural ideologies?

• DOI: 10.1037/pspi0000421
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Journal of personality and social psychology
• 影响因子: 7.6
• 作者: John Oliver Siy;Adriana L. Germano;Laura Vianna;Jovani Azpeitia;Shaoxiong Yan;A. Montoya;S. Cheryan-S.-Chery