Promoting Intraminority Solidarity Through Intergroup Relations Framings

几十年来，社会心理学的研究和理论发展都集中在种族主义的原因和后果上，其中大部分研究都集中在黑人和白人的关系上。然而，很少有人关注了解少数群体对其他少数群体的态度。了解这个问题很重要，因为社会平等和进步取决于少数群体之间的团结，而只局限于黑人与白人关系的研究限制了对少数群体的态度和行为的理解。本项目关注框架在群体间偏见中的作用。事实上，人们如何看待其他群体的成员是人类社会认知的一个基本方面，而少数种族群体相互支持的程度预计取决于种族主义的框架。促进这种理解有助于制定政策和战略，使所有群体团结起来，共同打击歧视。这个项目建立在这样一种观察之上，即美国白人对黑人的种族主义可以分为两种截然不同的方式：反黑人或亲白人。这种框架上的差异预计会影响另一个少数群体与美国黑人的团结或盟友感。具体而言，本研究侧重于亚裔美国人与黑人美国人的盟友关系。假设将针对黑人的种族主义视为反黑人而非亲白人态度的结果，将增加亚裔美国人与黑人美国人的少数民族团结。一组研究调查了亚裔美国人和白人美国人是否认为这些框架彼此不同，或者与其他群体间偏见框架不同。另外一些实验还考察了反黑人的框架是否会让亚裔美国人对种族主义产生更大的责任感，并导致他们与黑人更紧密地团结在一起。最后一个实验探讨了框架对亚裔美国人支持跨群体事业的影响。了解群体间冲突的不同框架如何影响其他少数群体成员的盟友关系，对于建立更全面的群体间关系理解非常重要。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Decades of research and theory development in Social Psychology has focused on the causes and consequences of racism, with most of this research focusing on Black-White relations. However, little attention has been devoted to understanding minority groups’ attitudes toward other minority groups. This issue is important to understand because social equality and progress depends on solidarity between minority groups, and research that limits itself to only Black-White relations limits the understanding of attitudes and behavior toward minority groups. This project focuses on the role of framing in intergroup bias. Indeed, how people view members of other groups is a fundamental aspect of human social cognition, and how much racial minority groups support each other is expected to depend on how racism is framed. Advancing this understanding informs policies and strategies that bring all groups together in the fight against discrimination.This project builds on the observation that racism directed by White Americans toward Black Americans can be framed in two distinct ways: as anti-Black or as pro-White. This difference in framing is expected to influence another minority group’s sense of solidarity or allyship with Black Americans. Specifically, this research focuses on Asian American allyship with Black Americans. It is hypothesized that framing racism against Black Americans as the result of anti-Black rather than pro-White attitudes will increase Asian Americans’ intraminority solidarity with Black Americans. One set of studies examines whether Asian Americans and White Americans think about these framings as different from each other or different from other framings of intergroup bias. Additional experiments examine whether an anti-Black framing leads Asian Americans to experience a greater sense of responsibility for racism and results in stronger solidarity with Black Americans. A final experiment explores the effect of framing on Asian Americans support for intergroup causes. Understanding how different framings for intergroup conflict affect allyship from members of other minority groups is important for building a more comprehensive understanding of intergroup relations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.