MRI: Development of Grid of Nanogrids (GNG) Testbed

人工智能和物联网最近的进步将深刻影响未来的基础设施。人们可以想象一个智能城市，拥有互联的交通、公用事业和智能建筑。每个组件都将能够独立工作，并能够抵抗物理和网络攻击。智能建筑可以被视为一个由纳米格栅组成的网格，能够形成一个更大的网络。基于网格的网络的潜力已经成为国家的优先事项，并引起了工业界和学术界许多专家的关注。该项目将开发一种代表电网形成智能建筑的混合和模块化试验台。仪器开发将是堪萨斯州立大学电气、计算机工程和计算机科学系之间的合作努力。尽管试验台是为研究未来城市的电力基础设施而设计的，但它可能会被重新配置用于其他应用，如测试海洋和新兴的机载电力推进系统。因此，它可以适用于广泛的新兴应用和测试场景。PIS将开发一门关于现代配电系统的网络安全和弹性的新课程。试验床的广泛提供，加上相关的课程，将吸引来自代表性不足的社区的学生。拟议的试验床提供了在所有可能的配电网运行条件下，包括孤岛模式和联网模式下的故障和异常情况下，检查关于纳米格栅控制、硬件、软件、通信和安全协议和标准的各种假设和研究想法的能力。“纳米栅格”试验台具有高度可扩展、模块化和可重构的体系结构，包括用于创建由本地和远程用户设计的定制电力网络的实时仿真平台、单相馈线纳米栅格、硬件实现的三相纳米栅格、模块化自学习逆变器以及扩展半实物在环纳米栅格数量的能力。拟议的试验台将立即使PI及其合作者能够推进他们在电网网络安全、能源管理、监督控制和态势感知等领域的研究议程。试验台将支持外部研究人员的远程访问，以促进当前在智能建筑和智能城市电力网络设计和实施方面的工作。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and the internet of things will impact future infrastructure profoundly. One can imagine a smart city with interconnected transportation, utilities and smart buildings. Each component would be capable of working independently and able to resist physical and cyber-attacks. Smart buildings can be considered as a grid of nanogrids capable of forming a larger network. The potential of grid-based networks has become a national priority and attracted the attention of many experts in both industry and academia. This project will develop a hybrid and modular testbed that represents grid-forming smart buildings. Instrumentation development will be a collaborative effort between the electrical and computer engineering and computer science departments at Kansas State University. Although the testbed is designed for research on electricity infrastructure for future cities, it could be reconfigured for other applications such as testing marine and emerging airborne electrical propulsion systems. Hence, it can be applicable to a wide range of emerging applications and test scenarios. The PIs will develop a new course on cybersecurity and resiliency of modern power distribution systems. The wide availability of the testbed, coupled with related coursework, will attract students from underrepresented communities.The proposed testbed provides the capability to examine various hypotheses and research ideas on nanogrid controls, hardware, software, communications and security protocols, and standards, under all possible envisioned operating conditions of the power distribution grid, including faults and anomalies in both islanded and networked modes. The "Grid of Nanogrids" testbed features a highly scalable, modular, and reconfigurable architecture consisting of a real-time simulator platform for creating customized power networks designed by local and remote users, a single-phase feeder nanogrid, a three-phase nanogrid implemented in hardware, a modular self-learning inverter, and the capability of extending the number of hardware-in-the-loop nanogrids. The proposed testbed will immediately enable the PIs and their collaborators to advance their research agendas in fields such as power grid cybersecurity, energy management, supervisory control, and situational awareness. The testbed will be designed to support remote access for outside researchers to facilitate advancing current work in the design and implementation of smart buildings and power networks for smart cities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.