Workshop: Historical and Social Perspectives on the Life Sciences Concerning Life and Death: Naples, Italy, June 23-30, 2019

该奖项为一个国际研讨会提供部分支持；它为来自美国的10个人提供资金，以参加将于2019年6月在意大利那不勒斯动物站举行的国际住宅合作研讨会。研讨会的主题是“生与死”，预计所有参与者将深入讨论这一主题的六个方面，从早期现代时期关于生物的早期概念，到世界各地试图探索当代科学技术极限的最新研究计划。研讨会的总人数限制为10人，学生参与人数不超过25人；这笔拨款将支持来自美国学术机构的4名教师和6名研究生或博士后研究员。研讨会的主题是“生与死”，与欧洲传统思想家对活体的功能和目的提出基本问题的方式相结合。它是生物史上的一个重要课题，与社会学、技术学、伦理学等学科的相关问题密切相关。讲习班的目的之一是让与会者熟悉不同的科学思维模式，既有跨越历史时代的，也有不同文化和地理区域的。这一主题的额外重要性来自这样一个事实，即今天的生物学家和社会科学家正在仔细探索生死之间模糊的边界，不仅表现在人体中，就像在医院的情况下，疾病的过程，死亡、衰老和法医病理学的定义，而且在细胞水平上，在细胞再生，干细胞生理学和癌症研究，以及在改变关于神学和来世问题的文化观念方面。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award provides partial support for an international workshop; it provides funds for ten individuals from the US to participate in an international residential collaborative workshop that is to be held in Naples Zoological Station, Italy, in June 2019. The workshop theme is "Life and Death," and all participants are expected to discuss in depth six aspects of the theme, moving from early notions about living beings in the Early Modern period to the latest research programs around the world that are attempting to probe the limits of contemporary science and technology. The total number of faculty at the workshop is limited to ten and student participants to twenty-five; the grant will support four faculty members and six graduate students or post-doctoral fellows from US academic institutions.The workshop theme, "Life and Death," engages with the way that thinkers in the European tradition have asked fundamental questions about the function and purpose of the living body. It is an important topic in the history of biology, and it connects closely with related issues in sociology, technology, and ethics. One aim of the workshop is to familiarize participants with different modes of scientific thought, both across historical time and in different cultures and geographical regions. Additional importance to the theme derives from the fact that biologists and social scientists today are carefully exploring the ambiguous boundary between life and death as expressed not only in the human body, as in hospital situations, the course of diseases, the definition of death, ageing, and forensic pathology, but also on the cellular level, in cell rejuvenation, stem cell physiology, and cancer research, as well as in changing cultural ideas about theology and the question of an afterlife.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.