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Enhanced Power System Stability using Fast, Distributed Power Electronics Control

使用快速分布式电力电子控制增强电力系统稳定性

基本信息

批准号：
1930605
负责人：
Baosen Zhang
金额：
$ 40万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1930605&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Enhanced Power System Stability using

项目摘要

The increasing penetration of inverter-coupled renewable generation is rapidly changing the dynamics of large-scale power systems. As inverter-connected generation displaces synchronous machines, electric grids lose inertia, voltage support, and oscillation damping. These potential adverse impacts on system stability have received significant attention from system operators, regulators and the research community. System stability often limits power transfer between areas of cheap resources and high load areas. For example, California imports about 25% of its electrical energy from other states, of which significant amount comes from the state of Washington through direct current (DC) interties. In 2017, the average wholesale day-ahead price in Washington State was about 40% lower than the prices in California. The reason for these price differences is mainly due to the stability concerns that limit the amount of power transferred between the two areas. This project proposes new approach that would have substantial economic and environmental benefits by improving stability of systems through more careful control of power electronics. The resulting monetary savings could amount to hundreds of millions for allowing more unconstrained power flow between different regions and higher utilization of of renewable resources. The project will engage undergraduate and graduate students in the proposed research activities and develop new courses integrating control methods in power electronics. This project will develop novel control algorithms and hardware architectures for inverters so they can be deployed in a "plug-and-play" manner and improve the stability of a grid with both power electronic interfaced and synchronous generation. We will accomplish this goal by ensuring that the algorithms and the hardware are robust, completely decentralized and complement the dynamics of the synchronous machines. We study both voltage and frequency controls for a system. In voltage control, we diagnose the shortcomings of existing inverter control methods on the grid today, and engineer novel controllers that preserve stability, avoid adverse interactions, and leverage the algorithmic flexibility of digitally controlled inverters. In frequency control, we adopt a robust control approach to design the time domain response of inverters to explicitly optimize the frequency response and enforce power and energy constraints coming from the resources connected to the inverters. We will construct a testbed for validation and experimentation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

逆变器耦合可再生能源发电的日益普及正在迅速改变大型电力系统的动态。当逆变器连接的发电取代同步电机时，电网失去了惯性、电压支持和振荡阻尼。这些对系统稳定性的潜在不利影响已经引起了系统运营商、监管机构和研究界的极大关注。系统稳定性往往限制了廉价资源区域和高负荷区域之间的电力传输。例如，加州大约25%的电能是从其他州进口的，其中很大一部分是通过直流（DC）电网从华盛顿州进口的。2017年，华盛顿州的平均批发价比加州低40%左右。造成这些价格差异的原因主要是由于对稳定性的担忧，这限制了两个地区之间传输的电量。该项目提出了一种新的方法，通过更仔细地控制电力电子设备来提高系统的稳定性，从而具有实质性的经济和环境效益。由于允许更多的不受限制的电力在不同地区之间流动和提高可再生资源的利用率，由此节省的资金可能达数亿美元。该项目将吸引本科生和研究生参与拟议的研究活动，并开发整合电力电子控制方法的新课程。该项目将为逆变器开发新的控制算法和硬件架构，以便它们可以以“即插即用”的方式部署，并通过电力电子接口和同步发电提高电网的稳定性。我们将通过确保算法和硬件是鲁棒的，完全分散的，并补充同步机的动态来实现这一目标。我们研究了一个系统的电压和频率控制。在电压控制方面，我们诊断了目前电网上现有逆变器控制方法的缺点，并设计了新颖的控制器，以保持稳定性，避免不利的相互作用，并利用数字控制逆变器的算法灵活性。在频率控制方面，我们采用鲁棒控制方法来设计逆变器的时域响应，以明确优化频率响应，并强制执行来自与逆变器连接的资源的功率和能量约束。我们将构建一个测试平台进行验证和实验。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。