On the Influence of Oceanic Variability on Air-Sea Heat Fluxes and Boundary Layer Recovery in Hurricanes

海洋变率对飓风中海气热通量和边界层恢复的影响

• 批准号: 1941498
• 负责人: Lynn Shay
• 金额: $ 85.85万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1941498&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Influence; Oceanic; Variability; Air; Sea

The controlling factors that impact the rapid intensification of hurricanes remain a scientific and forecasting uncertainty. In this award, the research team will use observational data to test a new theory about the interaction between the air and sea during the key periods in the hurricane life-cycle that lead to rapid strengthening of these storms. The project has direct societal relevance due to the importance of accurate forecasts of hurricane intensity changes. The project will also provide graduate students with the opportunity to plan, organize, and execute a field experiment. This award is for the investigation of key thermodynamics processes of coupled air-sea interaction in tropical cyclones (TCs) relative to vertical shear and oceanic features. The main conceptual theory is that areas with high oceanic heat content and minimal sea surface cooling exert localized buoyancy forcing on TCs during rapid intensification due to enhanced moisture disequilibrium and intense surface heat fluxes. This process leads to a rapid and sustained recovery of the atmospheric boundary layer equivalent potential temperature. To test this hypothesis, the PI team will use data collected during prior TCs and participate in new data collection in collaboration with NOAA during the period of the project. The specific research objectives are to: 1) Synthesize in-situ atmospheric and oceanographic data and satellite SST data, and compute air-sea temperature and moisture disequilibrium, bulk air-sea heat fluxes, and recovery of atmospheric boundary layer equivalent potential temperature during selected Atlantic-basin hurricanes, focusing on previous data acquired over various levels of OHC and upper-ocean stratification; 2) Observe and understand the air-sea interaction during TC intensity change over warm oceanic eddy regimes by simultaneously deploying oceanic and atmospheric profilers during storm passage; and 3) Develop a framework for characterizing the temporal and spatial scales of variability of the air-sea interaction and storm intensity for the selected TCs in terms of oceanic and atmospheric parameters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

影响飓风迅速加剧的控制因素仍然是科学和预测的不确定性。 在这个奖项中，研究小组将使用观测数据来测试一个新的理论，该理论是关于飓风生命周期中导致这些风暴迅速加强的关键时期空气和海洋之间的相互作用。 由于准确预报飓风强度变化的重要性，该项目具有直接的社会意义。 该项目还将为研究生提供计划，组织和执行实地实验的机会。该奖项旨在研究热带气旋（TC）中与垂直切变和海洋特征相关的海气耦合作用的关键热力学过程。 主要的概念理论是，高海洋热含量和最小的海面冷却的地区施加局部浮力强迫TC在快速增强，由于增强的水分不平衡和强烈的表面热通量。 这一过程导致大气边界层等效位温的快速和持续恢复。 为了验证这一假设，PI团队将使用在之前TC期间收集的数据，并在项目期间与NOAA合作参与新数据收集。 具体的研究目标是：1）综合现场大气和海洋资料以及卫星SST资料，计算选定的南极海盆飓风期间的海气温度和湿度不平衡、海气热通量和大气边界层等效位温的恢复，重点是以往获得的不同OHC和上层海洋层结的资料; 2）在风暴过境期间同时部署海洋和大气廓线仪，观测和了解暖海洋涡旋区TC强度变化期间的海气相互作用;和3）制定一个框架，说明大气变化的时间和空间尺度，在海洋和大气参数方面，选定TC的海洋相互作用和风暴强度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过利用基金会的智力价值进行评估，被认为值得支持和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Study of ageostrophy during strong, nonlinear eddy-front interaction in the Gulf of Mexico

• DOI: 10.1175/jpo-d-20-0182.1
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Journal of Physical Oceanography
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: L. Hiron;D. Nolan;L. Shay

Thermodynamic Characteristics of Downdrafts in Tropical Cyclones as Seen in Idealized Simulations of Different Intensities

不同强度理想化模拟中热带气旋下沉气流的热力学特征

• DOI: 10.1175/jas-d-21-0006.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Wadler, Joshua B.;Nolan, David S.;Zhang, Jun A.;Shay, Lynn K.
• 通讯作者: Shay, Lynn K.

Lagrangian coherence and source of water of Loop Current Frontal Eddies in the Gulf of Mexico. Progress in Oceanography.

墨西哥湾环流锋面涡流的拉格朗日相干性和水源。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Progress in Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Hiron, L.

On the Hyperbolicity of the Bulk Air–Sea Heat Flux Functions: Insights into the Efficiency of Air–Sea Moisture Disequilibrium for Tropical Cyclone Intensification

关于大量空气-海洋热通量函数的双曲性：深入了解空气-海洋湿度不平衡对热带气旋增强的效率

• DOI: 10.1175/mwr-d-20-0324.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Monthly Weather Review
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Jaimes de la Cruz, Benjamin;Shay, Lynn K.;Wadler, Joshua B.;Rudzin, Johna E.
• 通讯作者: Rudzin, Johna E.

The Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Michael (2018): Storm Structure and the Relationship to Environmental and Air–Sea Interactions

• DOI: 10.1175/mwr-d-20-0145.1
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Monthly Weather Review
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Joshua B. Wadler;Jun A. Zhang;R. Rogers;B. Jaimes;L. Shay