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CAREER: Mechanisms and costs of temperature adaptation along a latitudinal cline for the coastal copepod, Acartia tonsa

职业生涯：沿海桡足类 Acaria tonsa 沿纬度梯度的温度适应机制和成本

基本信息

批准号：
1943316
负责人：
Melissa Pespeni
金额：
$ 145.58万
依托单位：
University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-06-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1943316&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Mechanisms costs temperature adaptation

项目摘要

Organisms that live in environments that vary across space or time may have greater capacity to acclimate or adapt to rapid changes in environmental conditions. However, little is known about the mechanisms or capacities for rapid adaptation among populations or the extent of costs associated with rapid evolution. This project will characterize the mechanisms and costs of natural and experimental temperature adaptation using multiple populations along the broad latitudinal distribution of the foundational coastal copepod, Acartia tonsa. This work will also greatly advance our general understanding of variation in capacity to adapt for many other ecologically and economically critical species. To carry out this work, the principal investigator will lead 100 undergraduates, over the five-year period, through an integrative teaching-research asset-based training program that connects a colloquium, summer research internship, and research course. In addition, two PhD students, one postdoctoral scientist, and one research technician will develop diverse skillsets in asset-based mentoring, genetics, genomics, evolution, computational and marine biology, and how to be a member of an inclusive, supportive STEM community. In addition to improving the well-being of participants and growing a more diverse STEM workforce, results from the research will benefit society by improving the ability to predict species persistence in future conditions and improving understanding of the scope of the threat of changing global conditions on ocean ecosystems.Populations respond to environmental conditions that vary across space and time through genetic adaptation or physiologically plasticity, however, a comprehensive understanding of how these mechanisms vary across populations or contribute to future resilience is lacking. In addition, temperature adaptation is a complex physiological trait, thus rapid temperature adaptation could take multiple paths depending on the genomic background of a population and could yield unintended costs. In the project, the principal investigator will lead students in work to test the hypotheses that variation in genomic backgrounds affects capacity to adapt and that rapid adaptation to one stressor comes with costs to survive other stressors. The project will capitalize on the broad latitudinal distribution and experimental tractability of the ecologically foundational coastal copepod, Acartia tonsa. The researchers will 1) Link genotype to temperature adaptive phenotype using ecological genomics and genome-wide association studies in populations along the environmental gradient of the U.S. East Coast, 2) Reveal the transcriptional bases of differences in thermal tolerance among populations and life-history stages, 3) Characterize variation in temperature adaptation trajectories in multiple experimentally evolved populations and measure the costs of adaptation. Integration of results across these aims will lead to insights to the molecular bases of complex traits, the repeatability of evolutionary trajectories in lab- and field-based studies, and the relationship between plastic and genetic response mechanisms in temperature adaptation. Lastly, this work will be performed through the development of an integrated teaching-research training program that will increase diversity and inclusion in a STEM research community. This grant was cofunded by the Integrative Ecological Physiology Program in the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems in the Directorate for Biological Science, The Biological Oceanography Program in the Division of Ocean Sciences in the Directorate for Geosciences, and The EPSCoR Program in the Office of Integrative Activities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生活在随空间或时间变化的环境中的生物可能具有更强的适应或适应环境条件快速变化的能力。然而，人们对种群快速适应的机制或能力或与快速进化相关的成本程度知之甚少。该项目将利用沿着基础沿海桡足类 Acaria tonsa 广泛纬度分布的多个种群来描述自然和实验温度适应的机制和成本。这项工作还将极大地增进我们对许多其他生态和经济关键物种的适应能力变化的普遍理解。为了开展这项工作，首席研究员将在五年内带领 100 名本科生通过一个综合性教学研究资产培训计划，该计划将研讨会、暑期研究实习和研究课程结合起来。此外，两名博士生、一名博士后科学家和一名研究技术人员将在基于资产的指导、遗传学、基因组学、进化、计算和海洋生物学以及如何成为包容性、支持性 STEM 社区的成员等方面培养多种技能。除了改善参与者的福祉和培养更加多样化的 STEM 劳动力之外，该研究的结果还将通过提高预测未来条件下物种持久性的能力以及提高对全球条件变化对海洋生态系统的威胁范围的理解来造福社会。人口通过遗传适应或生理可塑性对随空间和时间变化的环境条件做出反应，然而，全面了解这些机制如何在不同人口之间变化或对未来做出贡献缺乏韧性。此外，温度适应是一种复杂的生理特征，因此快速的温度适应可能会根据种群的基因组背景采取多种路径，并可能产生意想不到的成本。在该项目中，首席研究员将带领学生测试以下假设：基因组背景的变化会影响适应能力，并且对一种压力源的快速适应会带来生存其他压力源的成本。该项目将利用生态基础性沿海桡足类动物 Acaria tonsa 的广泛纬度分布和实验易处理性。研究人员将1）利用生态基因组学和美国东海岸环境梯度种群的全基因组关联研究将基因型与温度适应表型联系起来，2）揭示种群和生活史阶段之间热耐受性差异的转录基础，3）表征多个实验进化种群的温度适应轨迹的变化并测量适应成本。将这些目标的结果整合起来，将有助于深入了解复杂性状的分子基础、实验室和实地研究中进化轨迹的可重复性，以及温度适应中塑料和遗传反应机制之间的关系。最后，这项工作将通过开发综合教学研究培训计划来完成，该计划将增加 STEM 研究社区的多样性和包容性。该赠款由生物科学局综合有机系统司的综合生态生理学计划、地球科学局海洋科学司的生物海洋学计划和综合活动办公室的 EPSCoR 计划共同资助。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。