NSF/DMR-BSF: Theory of Quantum Materials

NSF/DMR-BSF：量子材料理论

基本信息

批准号：
2000987
负责人：
Steven Kivelson
金额：
$ 42万
依托单位：
Stanford University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-05-15 至 2023-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2000987&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF DMR BSF Theory Quantum

项目摘要

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research on atomic scale models of interacting electrons and ions in so-called "quantum materials". Some examples of quantum materials include high-temperature superconductors, two layers of carbon atom sheets on top of each other with a relative twist angle, and materials in which the electron-electron interaction energies are much larger compared to their kinetic energies. These systems typically have many scientifically interesting and technologically important properties that emerge collectively from the complex interactions of their constituent entities as a whole. While the specific properties of quantum materials depend sensitively on their structure and quantum chemistry, certain emergent properties, such as high-temperature superconductivity, can be understood from a more general quantum statistical mechanical perspective. The advantage of such a perspective is its generality, and ideally the promise that it could lead to mathematically well-controlled solutions to paradigmatic models that can serve as the framework for a qualitative understanding of the properties of interesting materials. In this project, the principle investigator will study an array of such atomic scale models on material systems and topics that are at the heart of contemporary condensed matter physics.Recent advances in the theory of quantum materials have had, and will continue to have, both practical and conceptual implications beyond physics. The issues involved in this project are central across a broad range of subfields of physics including the traditional study of quantum materials in a condensed matter context, studies of strongly interacting matter in a string theory and quantum gravity context, studies of cold atom condensates in atomic-molecular-and-optical physics context, and as a venue for exploring and exploiting new ideas in quantum information theory. More generally, quantum materials play an important role in a range of more applied sciences, and hence, increased understanding of the problems to be investigated in this project has the potential to influence broader developments in science and technology as well. Students and postdocs, who will be involved in this research, are likely to develop into future leaders of the field, while those who do not continue in physics will nonetheless develop skills which will allow them to make contributions to society in a broader context.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research on atomic scale models of interacting electrons and ions in quantum materials on several fronts. One focus is on the microscopic mechanisms that give rise to the various broken symmetry phases that populate the low temperature reaches of the phase diagrams of such materials, especially superconductivity and charge density waves. The research will focus on the significant non-universal, but robust, properties that determine the basic energy and temperature scales which characterize these phases, including transition temperatures. Another focus of interest are transport properties of strongly interacting systems in regimes of temperature and interaction strengths in which the quasiparticle paradigm breaks down. While the breakdown of the Fermi liquid paradigm is apparent in a variety of experimentally interesting material systems, it is likely that not all non-Fermi-liquid metals are the same. An important goal is to identify basic features that allow such states to be identified more by what they are than by what they are not, and to make progress on understanding these behaviors by identifying solvable model problems that exhibit similar properties. Finally, an important component of the research will be a continuation and extension of earlier studies of the universal properties of systems near a quantum critical point at which the nature of the ground-state order changes qualitatively, such as in quantum critical phenomena in metallic systems. Recent advances in the theory of quantum materials have had, and will continue to have, both practical and conceptual implications beyond physics. The issues involved in this project are central across a broad range of subfields of physics including the traditional study of quantum materials in a condensed matter context, studies of strongly interacting matter in a string theory and quantum gravity context, studies of cold atom condensates in atomic-molecular-and-optical physics context, and as a venue for exploring and exploiting new ideas in quantum information theory. More generally, quantum materials play an important role in a range of more applied sciences, and hence, increased understanding of the problems to be investigated in this project has the potential to influence broader developments in science and technology as well. Students and postdocs, who will be involved in this research, are likely to develop into future leaders of the field, while those who do not continue in physics will nonetheless develop skills which will allow them to make contributions to society in a broader context.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要这一奖项支持所谓的“量子材料”中相互作用电子和离子的原子量表模型的理论研究。量子材料的一些示例包括高温超导体，两层碳原子片彼此之间具有相对扭曲角度，以及与动能能量相比，电子电子相互作用能量要大得多的材料。这些系统通常具有许多科学有趣且技术上重要的特性，这些特性从其整个成分实体的复杂相互作用中统治着。虽然量子材料的特定特性取决于其结构和量子化学，但可以从更一般的量子统计机械角度来理解某些新兴特性，例如高温超导性。这种观点的优点在于它的普遍性，理想情况下，它可以为范式模型提供数学控制的解决方案的希望，这些解决方案可以作为对有趣材料的性质的定性理解的框架。在该项目中，原则研究者将研究一系列这种原子量表模型，这些模型是材料系统和主题的核心，这些模型是当代冷凝物质物理学的核心。该项目所涉及的问题在各种物理的子领域至关重要，包括在凝聚的情况下进行量子材料的传统研究，在弦理论和量子重力环境中对强烈相互作用的物质的研究，对原子 - 分子和光学物理学中冷原子冷凝物的研究，以及用于探索和利用量子信息中的新想法的范围。更一般而言，量子材料在一系列应用的科学范围内发挥了重要作用，因此，对该项目要研究的问题的理解也有可能影响科学和技术方面的更广泛发展。将参与这项研究的学生和博士后可能会发展成为该领域的未来领导者，而那些不继续物理学的人仍将发展技能，这将使他们能够在更广泛的背景下为社会做出贡献。技术摘要奖支持了关于互动电子和量子材料中量子材料中量子材料的理论研究。一个重点是导致各种破碎的对称阶段的微观机制，这些阶段填充了此类材料相位图的低温范围，尤其是超导性和电荷密度波。这项研究将集中于确定这些阶段（包括过渡温度）的基本能量和温度尺度的重要非宇宙但可靠的特性。感兴趣的另一个重点是在温度和相互作用强度方面强烈相互作用系统的运输特性，其中准粒子范式分解。尽管在各种实验有趣的材料系统中显而易见，费米液体范式的分解很明显，但并非所有非富特液体金属都可能相同。一个重要的目标是识别允许这种状态与没有的东西相比，可以通过确定表现出相似属性的可解决的模型问题来确定这些状态的基本特征。最后，该研究的一个重要组成部分将是对量子临界点附近系统通用性质的早期研究的延续和扩展，地面秩序的性质在质量上发生了变化，例如金属系统中的量子关键现象中。量子材料理论的最新进展已经并且将继续具有实践和概念性的影响。该项目所涉及的问题在各种物理的子领域至关重要，包括在凝聚的情况下进行量子材料的传统研究，在弦理论和量子重力环境中对强烈相互作用的物质的研究，对原子 - 分子和光学物理学中冷原子冷凝物的研究，以及用于探索和利用量子信息中的新想法的范围。更一般而言，量子材料在一系列应用的科学范围内发挥了重要作用，因此，对该项目要研究的问题的理解也有可能影响科学和技术方面的更广泛发展。将参与这项研究的学生和博士后可能会发展成为该领域的未来领导者，而那些不继续物理学的人仍将发展技能，这将使他们能够在更广泛的背景下为社会做出贡献。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过该基金会的知识优点和广泛的criperia来反映出通过评估来通过评估来获得的支持。