Collaborative Research: P2C2--South African Hydroclimate Reconstructions Using Speleothem Multiproxy Analyses

合作研究：P2C2——使用 Speleothem 多代理分析重建南非水文气候

• 批准号: 2002486
• 负责人: Curtis Marean
• 金额: $ 49.36万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2002486&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; P2C2; South; African

This project aims to reconstruct and investigate drivers of climate variability during the last glacial-interglacial transition in South Africa (~90,000-60,000 years ago). Specifically, this project will use high resolution trace element analyses (mainly magnesium, strontium and barium) and Oxygen stable isotopes from speleothem records located in the South African south coast to address the following questions: 1) How did changes in global boundary conditions at the last glacial-interglacial transition affect hydroclimate on the southern coast of South Africa? 2) How are changes in hydroclimate related to variations of atmospheric circulation and synoptic conditions during rainfall formation and rainfall seasonality? 3) How are these high-resolution proxy records related to millennial scale climate variations in the southern and northern hemisphere? Additionally, this project will identify sulfur peaks in the speleothems that are associated with the younger Toba eruption to link these records to ice core records from both hemispheres. The potential Broader Impacts include generating a new multi-proxy hydroclimate record in South Africa. This record will further the understanding of past climate variability in this region and provide a context for the evolution of plant diversity and modern human behaviors. The paleoclimate proxy records produced by this project will inform the development of a model that reconstructs the resource landscape that people have encountered in this region and thus inform the critical understanding of hunter-gatherer adaptations to their environments. Other Broader Impacts include strengthening multi-institution and international collaborations to develop a multi-proxy speleothem record, the training of undergraduate students, support for a post-doctoral researcher and an early career scientist.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目旨在重建和调查南非最后一次冰期-间冰期过渡期间（约90，000 - 60，000年前）气候变化的驱动因素。具体而言，该项目将使用高分辨率微量元素分析（主要是镁，锶和钡）和来自南非南部海岸洞穴沉积物记录的氧稳定同位素来解决以下问题：1）在最后一次冰期-间冰期过渡期，全球边界条件的变化如何影响南非南部海岸的水文气候？2)水文气候的变化如何与降雨形成和降雨季节性过程中的大气环流和天气条件的变化相联系？3)这些高分辨率的代用记录与南半球和北方半球千年尺度的气候变化有什么关系？此外，该项目将确定与年轻多巴火山爆发有关的洞穴沉积物中的硫峰，以将这些记录与两个半球的冰芯记录联系起来。潜在的更广泛影响包括在南非产生新的多代理水文气候记录。这些记录将进一步了解该地区过去的气候变化，并为植物多样性和现代人类行为的演变提供背景。该项目产生的古气候代理记录将为重建人们在该地区遇到的资源景观的模型的开发提供信息，从而为狩猎采集者对其环境的适应性的关键理解提供信息。其他更广泛的影响包括加强多机构和国际合作，以开发多代理洞穴记录，本科生的培训，对博士后研究人员和早期职业科学家的支持。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

A new MIS 5 to MIS 2 speleothem record from Sandkraal Cave on the South African Cape south coast

南非开普敦南海岸 Sandkraal 洞穴的新 MIS 5 至 MIS 2 洞穴记录

• DOI: 10.1017/qua.2024.3
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Quaternary Research
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Braun, Kerstin;Bar-Matthews, Miryam;Ayalon, Avner;Matthews, Alan;Zilberman, Tami;Zolotova, Natalya;Cowling, Richard M.;Karkanas, Panagiotis;Cawthra, Hayley C.;Fisher, Erich C.
• 通讯作者: Fisher, Erich C.

Climatic stability recorded in speleothems may contribute to higher biodiversity in the Cape Floristic Region

洞穴中记录的气候稳定性可能有助于提高弗洛斯特角地区的生物多样性

• DOI: 10.1111/jbi.14592
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Biogeography
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Braun, Kerstin;Cowling, Richard M.;Bar‐Matthews, Miryam;Matthews, Alan;Ayalon, Avner;Zilberman, Tami;Difford, Mark;Edwards, R. Lawrence;Li, Xianglei;Marean, Curtis W.
• 通讯作者: Marean, Curtis W.

Cave and rock shelter sediments of southern Africa: a review of the chronostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental record from Marine Isotope Stage 6 to 1

南部非洲的洞穴和岩石庇护所沉积物：海洋同位素第 6 至 1 阶段的年代地层和古环境记录回顾

• DOI: 10.25131/sajg.124.0052
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: South African Journal of Geology
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Stratford, D.;Braun, K.;Morrissey, P.
• 通讯作者: Morrissey, P.

Cave life histories of non-anthropogenic sediments help us understand associated archaeological contexts

非人为沉积物的洞穴生活史有助于我们了解相关的考古背景

• DOI: 10.1017/qua.2020.72
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Quaternary Research
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Karkanas, Panagiotis;Marean, Curtis;Bar-Matthews, Mira;Jacobs, Zenobia;Fisher, Eric;Braun, Kerstin
• 通讯作者: Braun, Kerstin