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EAGER: Fundamentals of Modeling and Control for the Evolving Electric Power System Architectures

EAGER：不断发展的电力系统架构的建模和控制基础知识

基本信息

批准号：
2002570
负责人：
Marija Ilic
金额：
$ 25万
依托单位：
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-02-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2002570&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Fundamentals Modeling Control Evolving

项目摘要

The main objective of this project is to formalize ground-breaking general principles in support of investment planning and operating protocols for the changing electric energy systems. Having this is crucial for assessing effects of candidate hardware and software technologies and for creating an environment in which flexible technologies are utilized by complementing each other’s performance and by jointly meeting the societal needs. Since the performance of many technologies of interest greatly depends on how well they are integrated over time and stakeholders (system modules), an effective framework needs to support decisions that are data-enabled and interactive over time and among different system decision makers. In this project a complex dynamical systems point of view is taken which recognizes such distributed nature of decisions and introduces novel modeling, control and protocol principles in support of system integration in time and space. In sharp contrast with the lack of theoretically-provable performance in the evolving electric power system architectures, this project explores fundamentals and takes major steps toward solving this long-overdue problem. The most important impact will be on the way electric power industry architectures evolve. In particular, the project will catalyze the adoption of data-enabled decision making and automation. Notably, this approach will help educate students to think about emerging electric energy systems as complex dynamical systems for which much innovation is needed and possible. Results of this research will be disseminated through a workshop on design and control of complex energy systems. The next generation Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) can evolve based on protocols defined according to a dynamic monitoring, and decision system (DyMonDS) framework envisioned in this project. Such framework is crucial for assessing effects of candidate hardware and software technologies and for creating an environment in which technologies are integrated and utilized by complementing each other’s performance and by jointly meeting the societal needs. In this project a complex dynamical systems point of view is taken which recognizes such distributed nature of decisions and introduces novel modeling, control and protocol principles in support of temporal and spatial system integration. The main question is how to ensure stability and efficiency of these systems without increasing complexity of information management and consequent implications on cyber-security. Once principles for answering this complex question are formalized, it becomes possible to support selection of “right” technologies and for utilizing them based on data obtained through sensing, communications and control. To establish such principles and not radically change the industry, this project introduces a generalization of today’s Automatic Generation Control by the Balancing Authorities (BAs) which is fundamentally cooperative in nature. The interactions between BAs are managed by each area compensating its own Area Control Error (ACE) which is the net power imbalance contributed by both internal power deviations from schedules and by the tie-line flow deviations into the BA. This is a great example of distributed control through cooperation based on simple protocols of balancing ACE. In this project the ACE is generalized into a notion of an interaction variable (intVar) associated with each intelligent Balancing Authority (iBA). Notably, an intVar has a physical interpretation in terms of power and rate of change of power, but it is not restricted to the assumptions made by the industry today, and it allows for different unconventional architectures, such as small iBAs nested within the existing BAs. iBAs can be components or subsystems of diverse spatial and temporal granularity, and are technology agnostic; their specifications, modeling and interactive multi-layered control are in terms of an intVar common to all. This project targets specifically principles for protocols and enhanced standards for a general DyMonDS framework so that following this framework one can catalyze performance enhancements based on the PI’s recent finding that the intVar dynamics can be interpreted in terms of rates of exergy (potential to perform useful work) and anergy (wasted work).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的主要目标是正式确定突破性的一般原则，以支持不断变化的电力能源系统的投资规划和运营协议。拥有这一点对于评估候选硬件和软件技术的效果以及创造一个环境至关重要，在这个环境中，通过相互补充的性能和共同满足社会需求来利用灵活的技术。由于许多感兴趣的技术的性能在很大程度上取决于它们随着时间的推移和利益相关者（系统模块）的整合程度，因此一个有效的框架需要支持随着时间的推移和不同系统决策者之间的数据支持和交互式决策。在这个项目中，一个复杂的动态系统的观点是采取这样的分布式决策的性质，并介绍了新的建模，控制和协议的原则，支持系统集成的时间和空间。与不断发展的电力系统架构中缺乏理论上可证明的性能形成鲜明对比的是，该项目探索了基本原理，并采取了重大步骤来解决这个早就应该解决的问题。最重要的影响将是电力工业架构的发展方式。特别是，该项目将促进采用数据支持的决策和自动化。值得注意的是，这种方法将有助于教育学生将新兴的电能系统视为复杂的动力系统，需要进行大量创新。这项研究的结果将通过一个关于复杂能源系统的设计和控制的讲习班传播。下一代监控和数据采集（SCADA）可以根据本项目中设想的动态监控和决策系统（DyMonDS）框架定义的协议进行发展。这种框架对于评估候选硬件和软件技术的效果，以及创造一种环境，使各种技术相互补充，共同满足社会需求，从而加以综合和利用，都是至关重要的。在这个项目中，一个复杂的动态系统的角度来看，认识到这种分布式的决定，并介绍了新的建模，控制和协议的原则，支持时间和空间系统集成。主要问题是如何确保这些系统的稳定性和效率，而不增加信息管理的复杂性，并对网络安全产生影响。一旦回答这一复杂问题的原则得到正式确定，就有可能支持选择"正确"的技术，并根据通过传感、通信和控制获得的数据利用这些技术。为了建立这样的原则，而不是从根本上改变行业，这个项目介绍了今天的自动发电控制的平衡机构（BA），这是从根本上合作的性质。 BA之间的相互作用由每个区域补偿其自身的区域控制误差（ACE）来管理，该区域控制误差是由内部功率偏离时间表和进入BA的联络线流量偏离两者贡献的净功率不平衡。这是一个很好的例子，通过基于平衡ACE的简单协议的合作进行分布式控制。在该项目中，ACE被概括为与每个智能平衡机构（iBA）相关联的交互变量（intVar）的概念。值得注意的是，intVar对功率和功率变化率进行了物理解释，但它不限于当今行业做出的假设，并且它允许不同的非常规架构，例如嵌套在现有BA中的小型iBA。 iBA可以是不同空间和时间粒度的组件或子系统，并且是技术不可知的;它们的规范，建模和交互式多层控制都是通用的intVar。该项目专门针对一般DyMonDS框架的协议和增强标准的原则，以便在此框架之后，可以根据PI最近的发现促进性能增强，即intVar动态可以根据有效能率进行解释（执行有用功的潜力）和无反应性该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。