Collaborative Research: Elucidation of the Grotthuss Topochemistry in Reticular Electrodes for Fast Proton Batteries

合作研究：阐明快速质子电池网状电极中的 Grotthuss 拓扑化学

• 批准号: 2004636
• 负责人: Xiulei Ji
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2004636&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Elucidation; Grotthuss; Topochemistry

Non-Technical Summary With this collaborative project, supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research at NSF, two research groups at the University of California Riverside and Oregon State University investigate fundamental aspects of how fast diffusion of hydrogen ions occurs in confined networks of water. When metal ions move though water, they push past the water molecules as they go. It is already known that hydrogen ions migrate in a completely different manner and faster. The researchers study in detail how this process works and what makes it many times faster than the diffusion of metal ions, for example what makes it faster than that of lithium ions in batteries. Several factors can enable very fast, hydrogen-ion batteries that have the potential to be charged and discharged for millions of cycles, and so present a remarkable opportunity to realize the Holy Grail of electrochemical energy storage: to achieve simultaneously the energy densities of batteries and the power and cycle life of capacitors. The abundance of hydrogen also makes hydrogen-ion batteries a promising candidate for the grid-level storage batteries that are needed to provide a continuous and dependable electricity supply from intermittent power sources such as wind and solar energy. Advancing knowledge and the associated technology in these areas aids the United States to remain economically competitive. Additionally, the project produces educational videos targeted to students and the broader public that present concepts in energy storage and its role in society. Training of graduate and undergraduate students with the skills needed to enter the workforce in the energy technology sector and additional outreach activities take place at both institutions.Technical Summary The existing knowledge of battery chemistry is built upon the understanding that the kinetics are dictated by desolvation and vehicular diffusion of the working ion. The research in this collaborative project, which is supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research at NSF, explores a new paradigm of battery chemistry where by using protons as the working ions with an aqueous electrolyte, charge conduction does not rely on the long-range physical migration of ions through the host electrode but instead obtains long-range movement of charge via the Grotthuss mechanism of proton displacement along the crystal water network in an electrode. Transport of protons via the Grotthuss mechanism involves the movement of a quasiparticle defect in the bonding topology of water. It is fundamentally different from the vehicular transport of metal cations and could give rise to ultra-fast insertion kinetics and the ability to provide batteries that deliver high power at ultra-low temperatures. The project focuses on mechanisms of proton transport and storage in Turnbull blue and its family of analog compounds. These systems have an open and defected crystal structure that hosts an internal network of crystal water. The crystal water network provides pathways for Grotthuss diffusion, making the kinetics of proton transport and storage exceedingly fast, even at temperatures well below the freezing temperature of water. This project tests the central hypothesis that the transport performance of protons in this system depends on the topology imposed on the H-bonding network of crystal water by the surrounding host framework. To test this, the researchers a. determine the topological characteristics of the water network in Prussian blue analogs, from the atomic to the mesoscopic scale, and the role they play in Grotthuss topochemistry; b. elucidate the mechanisms of proton insertion, storage, and transport in the water network within Prussian blue analogs at all states of charge; and c. formulate testable design principles that can guide the development of new reticular materials for proton transport and storage.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该合作项目的非技术摘要得到了NSF材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划的支持，加利福尼亚大学河滨大学和俄勒冈州立大学的两个研究小组研究了氢离子的基本方面的基本方面。当金属离子移动水时，它们会随着水分子推动。众所周知，氢离子以完全不同的方式迁移，更快。研究人员详细研究了此过程的工作原理以及使其比金属离子扩散快的速度，例如，它比电池中锂离子的速度快。几个因素可以实现非常快速的氢气电池，这些电池有可能为数百万个周期充电和排放，因此为实现电化学能源存储的圣杯提供了一个了不起的机会：同时实现电池的能量密度，以及推能者的力量和循环寿命。丰富的氢气还使氢气电池成为网格级存储电池的有前途的候选者，这些储存电池是为了提供与风和太阳能等间歇性电源提供连续且可靠的电力供应。推进知识和相关的技术在这些领域有助于美国保持经济竞争力。此外，该项目还制作了针对学生和更广泛的公众的教育视频，这些视频及其在社会中的作用及其作用。培训研究生和本科生，并在能源技术领域进入劳动力所需的技能，并在两个机构进行其他外展活动。技术总结构建了电池化学的现有知识，这是基于理解动力学的理解，即动力学是由工作离子的脱溶剂和车辆扩散所决定的。该协作项目中的研究得到了NSF材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划的支持电极。质子通过Grotthuss机制的运输涉及在水的粘结拓扑中的准颗粒缺陷的运动。它与金属阳离子的车辆运输根本不同，并且可能会产生超快速的插入动力学，并能够提供在超低温度下提供高功率的电池。该项目着重于特恩布尔蓝色及其模拟化合物家族中质子运输和存储的机制。这些系统具有开放且缺陷的晶体结构，可容纳内部水晶水网络。水晶水网络提供了谷物扩散的途径，即使在温度远低于水温度的温度下，质子运输和存储的动力学也非常快。该项目检验了一个中心假设，即该系统中质子的运输性能取决于周围的宿主框架上施加在水晶水的H键网络上的拓扑。为了测试这一点，研究人员a。确定从原子到介质量表的普鲁士蓝色类似物中水网络的拓扑特征，及其在Grotthuss topochemistion中所起的作用； b。在所有电荷状态下，阐明了普鲁士蓝色类似物中水网络中质子插入，存储和运输的机制；和c。制定可测试的设计原理，可以指导开发用于质子运输和存储的新的网状材料。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估。

项目成果

Rechargeable anion-shuttle batteries for low-cost energy storage

用于低成本储能的可充电阴离子穿梭电池

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.02.004
• 发表时间: 2021-08-12
• 期刊: CHEM
• 影响因子: 23.5
• 作者: Liu, Qi;Wang, Yizhou;Wang, Guoxiu
• 通讯作者: Wang, Guoxiu

Anticatalytic Strategies to Suppress Water Electrolysis in Aqueous Batteries

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00191
• 发表时间: 2021-04-26
• 期刊: CHEMICAL REVIEWS
• 影响因子: 62.1
• 作者: Sui, Yiming;Ji, Xiulei
• 通讯作者: Ji, Xiulei

Low-Temperature Aqueous Batteries: Challenges and Opportunities

低温水系电池：挑战与机遇

• DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac53cd/meta
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of the Electrochemical Society
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Yiming Sui, Mingliang Yu

From Copper to Basic Copper Carbonate: A Reversible Conversion Cathode in Aqueous Anion Batteries

从铜到碱式碳酸铜：水系阴离子电池中的可逆转换阴极

• DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203837
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Angewandte Chemie International Edition
• 作者: Gallagher, Trenton C.;Wu, Che‐Yu;Lucero, Marcos;Sandstrom, Sean K.;Hagglund, Lindsey;Jiang, Heng;Stickle, William;Feng, Zhenxing;Ji, Xiulei
• 通讯作者: Ji, Xiulei

Prussian Blue Analogues as Electrodes for Aqueous Monovalent Ion Batteries

• DOI: 10.1007/s41918-020-00088-x
• 发表时间: 2021-03-03
• 期刊: ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY REVIEWS
• 影响因子: 31.3
• 作者: Qiu, Shen;Xu, Yunkai;Ji, Xiulei
• 通讯作者: Ji, Xiulei