GOALI: Additive and Stoichiometry Engineering in Perovskites: Building Deeper Understanding of the Impact on Optoelectronic Properties for Energy Applications

GOALI：钙钛矿的添加剂和化学计量工程：更深入地了解对能源应用光电性能的影响

• 批准号: 2004869
• 负责人: David Mitzi
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2004869&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Additive; Stoichiometry; Engineering; Perovskites

A key challenge for the semiconductor industry is to develop new materials and devices for cheaper, better performing and more pervasive electronic and energy technologies, including solar cells, light-emitting devices and memory/logic for computation. Over the last ten years, tremendous progress has been demonstrated for the “perovskite” semiconductor family, which offers the promise of both high device performance and potential for ultra-cheap fabrication. As an example, power conversion efficiencies (a key performance metric) for perovskite solar cells has risen from 3 to more than 25 percent over an unprecedented short period of time, and processing for the perovskite component is achieved using simple and cheap solution coating methods. A critical aspect enabling this progress has been the empirical study of how small variations in perovskite composition or additions of foreign components can improve perovskite material formation or device performance. While operational advancements have been made, the mechanism of improvement is not generally understood. This project involves a joint university (Duke) – industry (IBM Corp) collaboration and focuses on using state-of-the-art fabrication and characterization techniques to explore the impact of compositional modifications in perovskite materials and devices. The research targets improved understanding to enable design and demonstration of better performance energy and electronic devices. The project further provides a valuable opportunity for undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral researchers to experience industrial research through active collaboration with IBM. A partnership with the Duke Shared Materials Instrument Facility also opens a pathway to expose a broad range of younger and non-specialist students to project-related concepts and STEM opportunities. Recent perovskite solar cell literature provides a plethora of new recipes and processing techniques to improve performance. Although solar cell performance is widely used to judge effectiveness of additives/stoichiometry relative to targeted goals, such device structures are complex and may hide intrinsic impacts on perovskite transport/recombination properties (e.g., carrier density, mobility, recombination lifetime and diffusion length). This project targets in depth studies on stoichiometry variations and three classes of additives (polymers, fullerenes and molecular dopants) within perovskite films to more fully understand processes involved in material and device improvement and to push the boundaries of compositional engineering. Through a university (Duke) – industry (IBM Corp) collaboration, the research aims to: 1) Clarify the location of the additives and assess stoichiometry modulation within the perovskite films; 2) determine the impact of additives and stoichiometry variation on carrier density and transport/recombination properties using a newly developed (by GOALI partner IBM) advanced measurement—i.e., carrier-resolved photo-Hall—as well as other characterization approaches (e.g., current-voltage, admittance spectroscopy, photoluminescence, photoemission); and 3) ultimately validate performance and stability improvements through device fabrication/characterization.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

半导体行业的一个主要挑战是开发新材料和设备，以较便宜，表现更好，更普遍的电子和能量技术，包括太阳能电池，发光设备以及计算的内存/逻辑。在过去的十年中，“ Perovskite”半导体家族已经证明了巨大的进步，该家族提供了高设备性能和超级廉价制造潜力的希望。例如，在空前的短时间内，钙钛矿太阳能电池的功率转换效率（一个关键性能度量）已从3％上升到25％以上，并且使用简单且廉价的溶液涂层方法来实现钙钛矿组件的处理。实现这一进展的关键方面是对钙钛矿组成或外国组件的添加如何变化如何改善钙钛矿材料形成或装置性能的实证研究。尽管运营进步使该项目涉及联合大学（DUKE） - 行业（IBM Corp）合作，并着重于使用最先进的制造和表征技术来探索钙钛矿材料和设备中构图修饰的影响。该研究的目标是提高理解，以实现设计和演示更好的性能能量和电子设备。该项目进一步为本科，研究生和博士后研究人员提供了宝贵的机会，可以通过与IBM的积极合作来体验工业研究。与杜克大学共享材料工具设施的合作伙伴关系还开辟了一条途径，使众所周知的年轻和非专业学生接触了与项目相关的概念和STEM机会。最近的钙钛矿太阳能电池文献提供了大量新食谱和加工技术，以提高性能。尽管太阳能电池性能广泛用于判断相对于目标目标的添加剂/化学计量计的有效性，但这种设备结构是复杂的，并且可能隐藏对钙钛矿传输/重组属性的固有影响（例如，载体密度，迁移率，重组，重组寿命和扩散长度）。该项目针对钙钛矿膜中的化学计量变化和三类添加剂（聚合物，富勒烯和分子掺杂剂）的深入研究，以更充分了解参与材料和设备改进的过程，并突破复合工程的边界。通过大学（杜克大学） - 行业（IBM Corp）合作，该研究的目的是：1）阐明添加剂和评估化学计量调节的位置； 2）使用新开发的（由Gotali合作伙伴IBM）进行高级测量（即载体分辨的照相 - 以及其他表征方法（例如，电流，电流，录取听力外观，光滑，照相，照片，照片）; 3）最终通过设备制造/表征来验证绩效和稳定性的改进。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准被视为通过评估而被视为珍贵的支持。

项目成果

p-Type molecular doping by charge transfer in halide perovskite

卤化物钙钛矿中通过电荷转移进行 p 型分子掺杂

• DOI: 10.1039/d1ma00160d
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Materials Advances
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Euvrard, Julie;Gunawan, Oki;Zhong, Xinjue;Harvey, Steven P.;Kahn, Antoine;Mitzi, David B.
• 通讯作者: Mitzi, David B.