Collaborative Research: Further Investigations from the Seeded and Natural Orographic Wintertime clouds: the Idaho Experiment (SNOWIE)

合作研究：对种子和自然地形冬季云的进一步调查：爱达荷州实验（SNOWIE）

基本信息

批准号：
2016106
负责人：
Robert Rauber
金额：
$ 37.23万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2016106&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Further Investigations Seeded

项目摘要

Precipitation enhancement through cloud seeding has taken place in the Western United States and other regions around the globe for several decades. One of the main weather regimes where cloud seeding is attempted is in mountainous terrain in areas where there is a significant amount of liquid water in the clouds. Direct observational evidence of the chain of events from the release of cloud seeding material to the formation of precipitation was shown in data from a recent NSF-supported field campaign. This award will provide researchers with the opportunity to further analyze data from that campaign to answer additional questions about the science behind cloud seeding. The research represents a public-private partnership between NSF-sponsored scientists and a utility that provides hydroelectric power. The next generation of scientists will also be trained during this project.The research team will expand upon the analysis of field campaign data from the Seeded and Natural Orographic Wintertime clouds: the Idaho Experiment (SNOWIE) that was conducted in 2017. Initial results have shown that cloud seeding in orographic regions can initiate snowfall in certain situations. The research team will move beyond the obvious cases of cloud seeding impacts to analyze every case during the campaign, including those where cloud seeding was conducted while natural snowfall was also occurring. The overarching goal of the project is to provide estimates, with uncertainty limits, of precipitation enhancement from glaciogenic cloud seeding for all SNOWIE seeding events. This will involve coupling data analysis using the SNOWIE data set and state of the art modeling. The researchers have identified a set of questions to address the following research hypotheses: 1) Mesoscale and microscale updrafts observed in mostly stratiform orographic clouds are focal areas for the production of supercooled liquid water and sometimes natural ice particles, 2) Airborne seeding of orographic clouds, under the right conditions, will produce changes in microphysical properties of clouds and precipitation detectable with in-situ and remote sensors, even in conditions where natural precipitation is occurring, and 3) For all SNOWIE cases, seeding impacts on precipitation over a mountain basin can be estimated quantitatively, and uncertainties established, through numerical simulations employing seeding parameterizations improved utilizing analyses from the observations. NSF-supported researchers will collaborate with researchers at the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the Idaho Power Company.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

数十年来，美国西部和全球其他地区进行了通过云种子的增强。尝试云种子的主要天气状况之一是在云层中大量液态水的地区。在最近的NSF支持的现场运动的数据中显示了从云播种材料释放到降水形成的事件链的直接观察证据。该奖项将为研究人员提供进一步分析该活动的数据的机会，以回答有关云种子背后科学的其他问题。该研究代表了NSF赞助的科学家与提供水力发电的公用事业之间的公私合作伙伴关系。下一代科学家还将在该项目中进行培训。研究团队将扩大对现场活动数据的分析，从种子和自然地形冬季云：2017年进行的爱达荷州实验（Snowie）。最初的结果表明，地形区域中的云种子可以在某些情况下引发降雪。研究团队将超越明显的云种子影响案例，以分析运动过程中的每个案例，包括在自然降雪时进行云种子的情况。该项目的总体目标是为所有雪地播种事件提供冰川云种子的降水增强的估计限制。这将涉及使用Snowie数据集和最新建模的状态进行数据分析。研究人员已经确定了一组问题来解决以下研究假设：1）在大多数地形地形云中观察到的中尺度和微观上升气流是用于生产超冷的液态水，有时是天然冰颗粒的焦点区域，2）在正确的条件下，在地形云中播种，即使在偏远的情况下，在显微镜下的变化，在云层中会产生变化。发生降水，3）对于所有雪地病例，可以定量地估计对山盆地沉淀的播种影响，并通过使用播种参数化的数值模拟来确定不确定性，从而改善了利用观察值分析的分析。由NSF支持的研究人员将与国家大气研究中心和爱达荷州电力公司的研究人员合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Comparison between Observed and Simulated AgI Seeding Impacts in a Well-Observed Case from the SNOWIE Field Program

SNOWIE 现场计划中观察良好的案例中观察到的 AgI 播种影响与模拟的 AgI 播种影响之间的比较

DOI：
10.1175/jamc-d-21-0103.1
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
影响因子：
3
作者：
Xue, Lulin;Weeks, Courtney;Chen, Sisi;Tessendorf, Sarah A.;Rasmussen, Roy M.;Ikeda, Kyoko;Kosovic, Branko;Behringer, Dalton;French, Jeffery R.;Friedrich, Katja
通讯作者：
Friedrich, Katja

Detailed dual-Doppler structure of Kelvin-Helmholtz waves from an airborne profiling radar over complex terrain. Part II: Evidence for precipitation enhancement from observations and modeling

复杂地形上机载剖面雷达的开尔文-亥姆霍兹波的详细双多普勒结构。

DOI：
10.1175/jas-d-20-0392.1
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Grasmick, Coltin;Geerts, Bart;Chu, Xia;French, Jeffrey R.;Rauber, Robert M.
通讯作者：
Rauber, Robert M.

Estimating Microphysics Properties in Ice-Dominated Clouds from Airborne Ka–W-band Dual-Wavelength Ratio Reflectivity Factor in Close Proximity to In Situ Probes

利用机载 Ka-W 波段双波长比反射率因子估算以冰为主的云中的微物理特性（靠近原位探头）

DOI：
10.1175/jtech-d-21-0147.1
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Grasmick, Coltin;Geerts, Bart;French, Jeffrey R.;Haimov, Samuel;Rauber, Robert M.
通讯作者：
Rauber, Robert M.

Glaciogenic seeding of cold-season orographic clouds to enhance precipitation: status and prospects