MRI: Development of microXROMM for high-resolution X-ray motion imaging of small animals

MRI：开发用于小动物高分辨率 X 射线运动成像的 microXROMM

• 批准号: 2018738
• 负责人: Elizabeth Brainerd
• 金额: $ 127.61万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2018738&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; microXROMM; resolution; ray

An award is made to Brown University to develop a new biological imaging technology, “micro-XROMM.” This microXROMM instrument will have ten times the precision of current XROMM (X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology). Greater precision will open up new research areas to study the bones, joints, and muscles of animals that are too small for current XROMM, such as mice, frogs, bats and birds. MicroXROMM will enable discoveries such as how small frogs can jump so far and how the shoulders of bats can allow the amazing range of wing movements in flight. Such discoveries offer fundamental insights into the biomechanics of the natural world, and also form the basis for biologically-inspired engineering designs. This project will provide training for the next generation of instrumentalists by including undergraduate and graduate students in microXROMM design and testing. Students will be drawn from diverse communities including historically under-represented groups, thus recruiting the best available talent into science and technology development. Technology development projects such as this one increase US economic competitiveness through home-grown innovation.In the field of Comparative Biomechanics, XROMM has opened up whole new areas of research on the skeletal kinematics of animal movements (walking, chewing, swimming, etc.). However, more than half of all vertebrate species are too small for current XROMM precision. The microXROMM instrument will have ten times the spatial precision of current XROMM (improved from 0.1 mm to 0.01 mm), and temporal precision will be at least 1 ms (1000 frames per second). The addition of microXROMM will open the door for XROMM research on speciose small-bodied groups such as rodents, bats, songbirds, tropical frogs, skinks, anoles, coral reef fish, gobies and minnows. MicroXROMM will enrich basic research in comparative biomechanics, bioinspired design and organismal and evolutionary biology more broadly. For example, microXROMM will be suitable for studying gene knockout mouse strains, making it particularly powerful for genome to phenome studies. The products of this development project will be: (1) a multi-user microXROMM instrument at Brown University; (2) peer-reviewed publications describing the design and validating the instrument for research on species such as mice, fish and songbirds; (3) commercial availability of the system for purchase by other researchers from a US small business partner. This award is supported by the MRI program funds, and by co-funding from the Physiological Mechanisms and Biomechanics program in the NSF-BIO Division of Integrative Organismal Systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

布朗大学因开发一种新的生物成像技术“micro- xrom”而获奖。这种微型XROMM仪器的精度将是目前XROMM （x射线运动形态重建）的十倍。更高的精度将开辟新的研究领域，以研究目前xrom无法研究的动物的骨骼、关节和肌肉，如老鼠、青蛙、蝙蝠和鸟类。microxrom将使人们能够发现诸如小青蛙如何能跳得这么远，以及蝙蝠的肩膀如何在飞行中允许惊人的翅膀运动范围。这些发现为自然世界的生物力学提供了基本的见解，也为生物启发的工程设计奠定了基础。该项目将通过包括本科生和研究生在内的微型xrom设计和测试，为下一代仪器师提供培训。学生将来自不同的社区，包括历史上代表性不足的群体，从而为科学和技术发展招募最优秀的人才。像这样的技术开发项目通过本土创新提高了美国的经济竞争力。在比较生物力学领域，xrom开辟了动物运动（行走、咀嚼、游泳等）骨骼运动学的全新研究领域。然而，超过一半的脊椎动物物种太小，无法达到目前xrom的精度。microXROMM仪器的空间精度将是目前XROMM的10倍（从0.1 mm提高到0.01 mm），时间精度将至少达到1ms（每秒1000帧）。microXROMM的加入将为对啮齿动物、蝙蝠、鸣禽、热带青蛙、石龙子、变色鱼、珊瑚礁鱼、虾虎鱼和鲦鱼等物种小体群体的XROMM研究打开大门。microxrom将更广泛地丰富比较生物力学、生物启发设计以及有机体和进化生物学的基础研究。例如，microxrom将适用于研究基因敲除小鼠品系，使其在基因组到表型研究中特别强大。该开发项目的产品将是：(1)布朗大学的多用户微型xrom仪器；(2)描述该仪器的设计和验证的经同行评审的出版物，用于研究小鼠、鱼类和鸣禽等物种；(3)可供其他研究人员从美国小型商业伙伴处购买的系统的商业可用性。该奖项由MRI项目基金和NSF-BIO综合有机体系统部门的生理机制和生物力学项目共同资助。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。