MRI: Development of a High-Speed Light-Sheet Light-Field Microscope for Imaging in Materials Sciences, Physics, and Biology

MRI：开发用于材料科学、物理和生物学成像的高速光片光场显微镜

• 批准号: 2019215
• 负责人: Sebastian Streichan
• 金额: $ 52.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2019215&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Speed; Light; Sheet

Nontechnical Description:Optical microscopy provides an essential window into the micrometer scale structure and dynamics of diverse systems ranging from simple colloidal suspension and biological cells to tissues and entire developing organisms. Most optical microscopy studies are limited to two-dimensional regions of interest. A typical method of characterizing three-dimensional structure relies on confocal point scanning techniques, which are very slow. Due to lack of appropriate techniques, high-spatial resolution imaging of fast dynamics of macro-sized samples remains uncharted territory. This project paves the way for overcoming this barrier. The resulting novel imaging technique named light-field light-sheet microscopy is tested and optimized with diverse samples ranging from quantifying dynamics and topological structure of three-dimensional active liquid crystals to imaging the whole-brain of a fruit fly during food-search. The design principles of the microscopy and the associated software analysis code are shared with scientific community. The imaging technique is also popularized through its inclusion in the Annual Santa Barbara Summer School in Quantitative Biology, where the participants receive the training in using the instrument. Technical Description:By seamlessly merging the existing techniques of the multi-view selective plane illumination microscopy and the light-field microscopy, scientists are developing a new optical microscope capable of imaging millimeter-sized samples with isotropic point spread function. When compared to the fastest imaging times accessible to state-of-the-art selective plane illumination microscopes, the technique being developed increases the temporal resolution by almost two orders of magnitude. This opens up the possibility of three-dimensional, high-spatial-resolution imaging of macroscopic samples at frequencies as high as 5 Hz. The microscope is used to study a variety of samples that range from materials science, cell biology and neuroscience. In particular, scientist use the microscope to (1) elucidate the interplay between the topological structure and dynamics of motile disclination loops in three-dimensional active nematic liquid crystals, (2) quantify temporal propagation of strain deformations in active gels where stresses are generated by single molecular motors, (3) perform whole-brain imaging during food-search in D. melanogaster larvae, and (4) characterize a whole nervous system as it forms and activates in the embryogenesis of D. melanogaster.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术描述：光学显微镜为从简单的胶体悬浮液和生物细胞到组织和整个发育中的生物体的各种系统的微米尺度结构和动力学提供了一个重要的窗口。大多数光学显微镜研究仅限于感兴趣的二维区域。表征三维结构的典型方法依赖于共聚焦扫描技术，这是非常缓慢的。由于缺乏适当的技术，大尺寸样品快速动力学的高空间分辨率成像仍然是未知的领域。该项目为克服这一障碍铺平了道路。由此产生的新型成像技术被称为光场光片显微镜，该技术在不同的样品中进行了测试和优化，从定量动力学和三维活性液晶的拓扑结构到果蝇在寻找食物时的全脑成像。显微镜的设计原理和相关的软件分析代码与科学界共享。该成像技术还通过纳入圣巴巴拉年度定量生物学暑期学校而得到推广，参与者在那里接受使用该仪器的培训。技术描述：通过无缝融合现有的多视角选择性平面照明显微镜和光场显微镜技术，科学家们正在开发一种新型光学显微镜，能够成像毫米大小的样品，具有各向同性点扩展函数。与最先进的选择性平面照明显微镜的最快成像时间相比，这项技术将时间分辨率提高了近两个数量级。这开启了以高达5赫兹的频率对宏观样品进行三维、高空间分辨率成像的可能性。该显微镜用于研究材料科学、细胞生物学和神经科学等领域的各种样品。特别是，科学家们使用显微镜来(1)阐明三维主动向列相液晶中运动斜向环的拓扑结构和动力学之间的相互作用，(2)量化由单分子马达产生应力的活性凝胶中应变变形的时间传播，(3)在黑腹D.幼虫寻找食物时进行全脑成像，(4)描述了黑腹龙胚胎发育过程中整个神经系统的形成和激活。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。