A Global Nuclear Environmental History

全球核环境史

• 批准号: 2020024
• 负责人: Paul Josephson
• 金额: $ 28.76万
• 依托单位: Colby College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2020024&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Global; Nuclear; Environmental; History

This research project is a study of global nuclear environmental history focused on North America, Europe, the former Soviet Union, and Far East. The PI will develop a cross national comparison of the environment in relation to military and civilian nuclear enterprises. In doing so, he will examine how understandings of the human-nature atom interface have changed since the dawn of the nuclear age. The project will produce a stand-alone global environmental history of the development of the nuclear enterprise in cross-national comparison that includes the conceptual, technological, socio-political and environmental impacts that have accompanied that development. The research takes place within the fields of history of science and technology, environmental history, and history of technology; results are to be disseminated as original research papers and a book manuscript pertinent to these areas. The PI also plans to disseminate results beyond scientific publications through editorials and through contact with various interested NGOs with interests in nuclear history, and through a dedicated webpage with links to extant and new research materials and teaching guides. This research project will bring STS and environmental history methods to bear on the study of the nuclear world to enable better understanding of the rise and functioning of state-sponsored big science and technology for military and peaceful purposes. The PI will use recently available primary sources in English, French, Russian, Swedish, Korean and other languages. He will also make extensive use of published and archival documents and studies on the nature of human-nuclear interactions in the domain of nuclear science and technology for different groups, languages and ethnicities, and across geographic and climatic areas; as a result, this research will produce societally relevant outcomes in its analyses of the role of women, children, underrepresented minorities including indigenes in postwar nuclear worlds. This history is valuable because of the vast expanse of the nuclear enterprise, its transborder and international ramifications, and the nature and kinds of landscapes and peoples whose lives have been affected by peaceful and military programs – and who have shaped its development. It will have the potential to contribute to policy debates about the costs, benefits and consequences of nuclear technologies over time, and to facilitate analysis of nuclear power as an effective way to address climate change in the twenty-first century.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究项目是对全球核环境历史的研究，重点是北美、欧洲、前苏联和远东。国际和平研究所将对军用和民用核企业的环境进行跨国比较。在这样做的过程中，他将研究自核时代开始以来，人们对人与自然原子界面的理解发生了怎样的变化。该项目将在跨国比较中编制一部关于核企业发展的独立的全球环境历史，其中包括伴随这一发展而产生的概念、技术、社会政治和环境影响。研究在科技史、环境史和技术史的领域内进行；研究成果将作为与这些领域相关的原创研究论文和书稿传播。国际和平研究所还计划通过发表社论和与对核历史感兴趣的各种感兴趣的非政府组织接触，以及通过一个专门的网页，链接到现有的和新的研究材料和教学指南，在科学出版物之外传播成果。这一研究项目将把STS和环境史方法引入到核世界的研究中，使人们能够更好地了解国家支持的用于军事与和平目的的大科学和技术的兴起和运作。国际和平研究所将使用最近可用的英语、法语、俄语、瑞典语、韩语和其他语言的主要资料。他还将广泛利用已出版和存档的文件以及关于不同群体、语言和族裔以及跨地理和气候地区的核科学和技术领域人与核相互作用性质的研究；因此，这项研究将在其对妇女、儿童、未被充分代表的少数群体包括土著在战后核世界中的作用的分析中产生具有社会意义的结果。这段历史之所以有价值，是因为核项目的广袤，它的跨境和国际影响，以及其生活受到和平和军事计划影响的自然和种类的景观和人民--是他们塑造了它的发展。随着时间的推移，它将有可能为关于核技术的成本、收益和后果的政策辩论做出贡献，并促进将核能作为应对21世纪气候变化的有效方法的分析。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。